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Blood, 1 April 2006, Vol. 107, No. 7, pp. 2745-2752. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 1, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2547.
Submitted June 28, 2005
Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel * Corresponding author; email: rony.seger{at}weizmann.ac.il.
The pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) belongs to the family of non-inhibitory serpins. Although originally identified in the eye, PEDF is widely expressed in other body regions including the plasma. This factor can act either as a neurotrophic or as an antiangiogenic factor, and we previously showed that the two effects of PEDF are regulated through phosphorylation by PKA and CK2. Here we studied the interplay between the PKA and CK2 phosphorylation of PEDF, and found that a PEDF mutant mimicking the CK2-phosphorylated PEDF can not be phosphorylated by PKA, while the mutant mimicking the PKA-phosphorylated PEDF is a good CK2 substrate. Using triple mutants that mimic the PKA and CK2 phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated PEDF we found that PEDF can induce several distinct cellular activities dependent on its phosphorylation. The mutant mimicking the accumulative PKA plus CK2 phosphorylation exhibited the strongest antiangiogenic and neurotrophic activities, while the mutants mimicking the individual phosphorylation site mutants had either a reduced activity or only one of these activities. Thus, differential phosphorylation induces variable effects of PEDF, and therefore contributes to the complexity of PEDF action. It is likely that the triple phospho-mimetic mutant can be used to generate effective antiangiogenic or neurotrophic drugs.
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