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Blood, 15 December 2005, Vol. 106, No. 13, pp. 4377-4380. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 23, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2551.
Submitted June 28, 2005
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA * Corresponding author; email: frase081{at}umn.edu.
Donor cell leukemia is a rare complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A twelve month old boy underwent unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplant (UCBT) for refractory Langerhan's cell histiocytosis. Forty months following transplant he developed acute myeloid leukemia. Cytogenetic and molecular analysis confirmed donor cell origin. The Cord Blood Bank (CBB) contacted the donor's family and established that the child, now seven years old, was healthy. This represents the first reported case of donor cell leukemia following UCBT. This case illustrates that donor cell leukemia is a rare but real event after UCBT as with other stem cell sources and highlights the need for CBBs to maintain linkage data between donors and recipients.
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