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Blood, 15 April 2006, Vol. 107, No. 8, pp. 3359-3370.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 27, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-07-2888.


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Submitted July 19, 2005
Accepted September 30, 2005

A global role for EKLF in definitive and primitive erythropoiesis

Denise Hodge, Elise Coghill, Janelle Keys, Tina Maguire, Belinda Hartmann, Alasdair McDowall, Mitchell Weiss, Sean Grimmond, and Andrew Perkins*

Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Special Research Centre for Functional and Applied Genomics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

* Corresponding author; email: a.perkins{at}imb.uq.edu.au.

Erythroid Kruppel-like factor, (EKLF, KLF1), plays an important role in definitive erythropoiesis and {beta}-globin gene regulation 1,2, but failure to rectify lethal fetal anemia upon correction of globin chain imbalance suggested additional critical EKLF target genes 3. We employed expression profiling of EKLF null fetal liver and EKLF null erythroid cell lines containing an inducible EKLF-ERTM fusion construct to search for such targets. An overlapping list of EKLF-regulated genes from the two systems included {alpha}-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP), cytoskeletal proteins, heme synthesis enzymes, transcription factors and blood group antigens. One EKLF target gene, dematin, which encodes an erythrocyte cytoskeletal protein (band 4.9), contains several phylogenetically conserved consensus CACC motifs predicted to bind EKLF. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated in vivo EKLF occupancy at these sites and promoter reporter assays showed that ELKF activates gene transcription through these DNA elements. Furthermore, investigation of EKLF target genes in the yolk sac lead to the discovery of unexpected additional defects in the embryonic red cell membrane and cytoskeleton. In short, EKLF regulates global erythroid gene expression which is critical for the development of primitive and definitive red cells.


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