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Blood, 15 April 2006, Vol. 107, No. 8, pp. 3081-3083. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 20, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-09-3636. This Article Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 2005-09-3636v1 107/8/3081    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Moll, M. Articles by Nixon, D. F Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Moll, M. Articles by Nixon, D. F Related Collections Related Article in Blood Online Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Next Article  Submitted September 9, 2005 Accepted December 5, 2005 Expansion of CD1d-restricted NKT cells in patients with primary HIV-1 infection treated with interleukin-2 Markus Moll*, Jennifer Snyder-Cappione, Gerald Spotts, Frederick M Hecht, Johan K Sandberg, and Douglas F Nixon Center for Infection Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden Gladstone Institutes of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, USA Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA * Corresponding author; email: Markus.Moll{at}ki.se. Innate CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells are infected and lost in HIV-1 infected patients, and this could contribute to HIV-1 pathogenesis because NKT cells play an important role in directing both adaptive and innate immunity. Administration of interleukin 2 (IL-2) to HIV-1 infected patients leads to substantial and sustained CD4+ T cell expansion, involving both naive and memory cells. We investigated whether IL-2 treatment could restore the NKT cell compartment in patients with primary HIV-1 infection. We show that IL 2 combined with effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) resulted in significant expansion of CD1d-restricted NKT cells. Expansion occurred in both the CD4- and CD4+ subsets of NKT cells, and expanded cells expressed the CD161 maturation marker while expression of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 was reduced. These data indicate that IL-2 treatment in combination with effective ART is beneficial for the restoration of innate NKT cell immunity in patients with primary HIV-1 infection. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? Related Article in Blood Online: Reviving the killers: all you need is IL-2 Derya Unutmaz Blood 2006 107: 3021-3022. [Full Text] [PDF] This article has been cited by other articles: S. Vasan, M. A. Poles, A. Horowitz, E. E. Siladji, M. Markowitz, and M. Tsuji Function of NKT cells, potential anti-HIV effector cells, are improved by beginning HAART during acute HIV-1 infection Int. Immunol., August 16, 2007; (2007) dxm055v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. K. Sandberg and M. Moll Effects of Interleukin-2 Treatment on CD1d-Restricted Natural Killer T Cells Clin. Cancer Res., July 15, 2007; 13(14): 4311 - 4311. [Full Text] [PDF] H. van der Vliet, H. Koon, and M. Exley Effects of Interleukin-2 Treatment on CD1d-Restricted Natural Killer T Cells Clin. Cancer Res., July 15, 2007; 13(14): 4311 - 4311. [Full Text] [PDF] H. J. J. van der Vliet, M. G. A. van Vonderen, J. W. Molling, H. J. Bontkes, M. Reijm, P. Reiss, M. A. van Agtmael, S. A. Danner, A. J. M. van den Eertwegh, B. M. E. von Blomberg, et al. Cutting Edge: Rapid Recovery of NKT Cells upon Institution of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-1 Infection J. Immunol., November 1, 2006; 177(9): 5775 - 5778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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