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Cytogenetic findings in peripheral T-cell lymphomas as a basis for
distinguishing low-grade and high-grade lymphomas
B Schlegelberger, A Himmler, E Godde, W Grote, AC Feller and K Lennert
Department of Human Genetics, University of Kiel, Germany.
Cytogenetic studies on lymph node and skin biopsy specimens and peripheral
blood in 104 patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTL) were compared
with histopathologic diagnoses made according to the updated Kiel
classification. Low-grade lymphomas presented normal metaphases more
frequently than high-grade ones (P < .0001). This difference remained
significant if cases with greater than 10% and greater than 50% normal
metaphases in unstimulated cultures and in cultures stimulated by different
mitogens were compared. On the other hand, high-grade lymphomas more often
showed aberrant clones (P < .05), triploid to tetraploid clones (P <
.0001), and complex clones with more than four chromosome changes (P <
.01). Low-grade PTL showed consistent cytogenetic features. Clones with
both inv(14)(q11q32.1) and trisomy 8q, mostly caused by i(8q)(q10), were
found in all cases of T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (T-CLL) and
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). Trisomy 3 was observed only in
angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD)-type PTL,
T-zone lymphoma, and lymphoepithelioid lymphoma. Moreover, the proportion
of normal metaphases in these PTL was higher than in the other low-grade
PTL (P < .01). On the contrary, T-CLL, T-PLL, and cutaneous T-cell
lymphomas (CTCL) showed complex clones (P < .0001), duplications in 6p
(P < .01), deletions in 6q (P < .01), trisomy 8q (P < .00001),
inv(14) (P < .00001), and monosomy 13 or changes of 13q14 (P < .001)
more frequently than the other low-grade PTL. Trisomy 5 and + X
predominated in AILD- type PTL. A cytogenetic feature characteristic of
AILD-type PTL and CTCL was unrelated clones, which were found in 15% of
AILD-type PTL and 17% of CTCL. The only chromosome aberration restricted to
a certain high-grade PTL was t(2;5)(p23;q35) in large-cell anaplastic
lymphoma. Deletions in 6q, total or partial trisomies of 7q, and monosomy
13 or changes of 13q14 turned out to be significantly more frequent in
high- grade than in low-grade lymphomas (P < .01, P < .01, and P <
.05, respectively). In summary, the cytogenetic findings in our series of
104 PTL enabled us to distinguish not only between low-grade and high-
grade lymphomas but also between various entities of PTL. Thus, the
cytogenetic findings paralleled the histopathologic diagnoses made
according to the updated Kiel classification.
Volume 83,
Issue 2,
pp. 505-511,
01/15/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology
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