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Surface and mRNA expression of the CD52 antigen by human eosinophils but
not by neutrophils
J Elsner, R Hochstetter, K Spiekermann and A Kapp
Hannover Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Germany.
Eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes represent major effector cells
in the inflammatory response. Whereas neutrophils are predominantly
involved in bacterial infections, eosinophils are of essential importance
in the allergic inflammation. Surface markers have been used to distinguish
neutrophils (CD16+) from eosinophils (CD16-) and might indicate different
functional properties of these cells. In this study, expression and
functional activity of CD52 on human eosinophils and neutrophils was
investigated in nonatopic healthy donors and from patients with
hypereosinophilia. Flow cytometric analysis using different anti-CD52
monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) (mouse IgG3, humanized IgG1, and rat IgM)
showed significant and homogeneous expression of CD52 on human eosinophils,
but not on neutrophils. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain
reaction and Northern blot analysis showed that CD52 mRNA was
constitutively expressed in eosinophils but not in neutrophils.
Furthermore, expression of CD52 could be diminished in a dose-dependent
manner by preincubation of eosinophils with phosphatidylinositol-specific
phospholipase C, suggesting that CD52 on eosinophils is anchored to the
membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecule. Whereas the
phorbolester phorbol myristate acetate was able to downregulate the
expression of CD52 on eosinophils in a dose-dependent manner, different
eosinophil activating cytokines and chemotaxins had no effect.
Cross-linking of CD52 by mouse anti-CD52 MoAb (IgG3) and humanized
anti-CD52 MoAb (IgG1) with goat antimouse antibody and mouse antihuman
antibody, respectively, dose-dependently resulted in an inhibition of
reactive oxygen species production of eosinophils after stimulation with
C5a, platelet-activating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-
stimulating factor. In summary, this study shows that the GPI-anchored
antigen CD52 is not only a useful marker to distinguish eosinophils from
neutrophils. The data point out a novel role of the CD52 antigen on human
eosinophils that might be of clinical relevance, because cross- linking of
this molecule will stop the destructive power of human eosinophils in the
inflammatory tissue.
Volume 88,
Issue 12,
pp. 4684-4693,
12/15/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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