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Adult Patients With De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia and t(9; 11)(p22; q23) Have a Superior Outcome to Patients With Other Translocations Involving Band 11q23: A Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study
Krzysztof Mrózek,
Kristiina Heinonen,
David Lawrence,
Andrew J. Carroll,
Prasad R.K. Koduru,
Kathleen W. Rao,
Matthew P. Strout,
Robert E. Hutchison,
Joseph O. Moore,
Robert J. Mayer,
Charles A. Schiffer, and
Clara D. Bloomfield
From the Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; SUNY Health Science Center at Syracuse, Syracuse, NY; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; and University of Maryland Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD.
Following reports of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showing that patients with t(9; 11)(p22; q23) have a better prognosis than those with translocations between 11q23 and other chromosomes, we compared response to therapy and survival of 24 adult de novo AML patients with t(9; 11) with those of 23 patients with other 11q23 translocations [t(11q23)]. Apart from a higher proportion of French-American-British (FAB) M5 subtype in the t(9; 11) group (83% v 43%, P = .006), the patients with t(9; 11) did not differ significantly from patients with t(11q23) in terms of their presenting clinical or hematologic features. Patients with t(9; 11) more frequently had an extra chromosome(s) 8 or 8q as secondary abnormalities (46% v 9%, P = .008). All patients received standard cytarabine and daunorubicin induction therapy, and most of them also received cytarabine-based intensification treatment. Two patients, both with t(9; 11), underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in first complete remission (CR). Nineteen patients (79%) with t(9; 11) and 13 (57%) with t(11q23) achieved a CR (P = .13). The clinical outcome of patients with t(9; 11) was significantly better: the median CR duration was 10.7 versus 8.9 months (P = .02), median event-free survival was 6.2 versus 2.2 months (P = .009), and median survival was 13.2 versus 7.7 months (P = .009). All patients with t(11q23) have died, whereas seven (29%) patients with t(9; 11) remain alive in first CR. Seven of eight patients with t(9; 11) who received postremission regimens with cytarabine at a dose of 100 (four patients) or 400 mg/m2 (2 patients) or who did not receive postremission therapy (2 patients) have relapsed. In contrast, 7 (64%) of 11 patients who received intensive postremission chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine (at a dose 3 g/m2) (5 patients), or underwent BMT (2 patients) remain in continuous CR. We conclude that the outcome of adults with de novo AML and t(9; 11) is more favorable than that of adults with other 11q23 translocations; this is especially true for t(9; 11) patients who receive intensive postremission therapy.
Blood, Vol. 90 No. 11 (December 1), 1997:
pp. 4532-4538
© 1997 by The American Society of Hematology.
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