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Regulation of Neutrophil Apoptosis by Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha : Requirement for TNFR55 and TNFR75 for Induction of Apoptosis In Vitro

Joanna Murray, Jeffrey A.J. Barbara, Sarah A. Dunkley, Angel F. Lopez, Xaveer Van Ostade, Alison M. Condliffe, Ian Dransfield, Christopher Haslett, and Edwin R. Chilvers

From the Respiratory Medicine Unit, the Department of Medicine (RIE), University of Edinburgh, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, Edinburgh, UK; the Division of Human Immunology, Hanson Centre for Cancer Research/Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia; and VIB, Laboratory for Medical Protein Chemistry, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.

Granulocyte apoptosis is an important mechanism underlying the removal of redundant neutrophils from an inflammatory focus. The ability of many proinflammatory agents to impede this event suggests that such agents act not only in a priming or secretagogue capacity but also increase neutrophil longevity by delaying apoptosis. We have examined whether this hypothesis holds true for all neutrophil priming agents, in particular tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ), which has been variably reported to either induce, delay, or have no effect on neutrophil apoptosis. After 20 hours coincubation TNF-alpha inhibited neutrophil apoptosis; however, more detailed analysis demonstrated its ability to promote apoptosis in a subpopulation of cells at earlier (2 to 8 hours) times. Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, platelet-activating factor, inositol hexakisphosphate, lipopolysaccharide, leukotriene B4 , and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor all inhibited apoptosis at 6 and 20 hours. The early proapoptotic effect of TNF-alpha was concentration-dependent (EC50 2.8 ng/mL), abolished by TNF-alpha neutralizing antibody, and was not associated with any change in cell viability or recovery. Of relevance to the inflamed site, the ability of TNF-alpha to accelerate apoptosis was lost if neutrophils were primed with 1 µmol/L PAF or aged for 6 hours before TNF-alpha addition. The TNFR55-selective TNF-alpha mutants (E146K, R32W-S86T) induced neutrophil apoptosis but with a potency 14-fold lower than wild-type TNF-alpha . Although the TNFR75-selective mutant (D143F ) did not induce apoptosis, blocking antibodies to both receptor subtypes abolished TNF-alpha -stimulated apoptosis. Hence, TNF-alpha has the unique ability to induce apoptosis in human neutrophils via a mechanism where TNFR75 facilitates the dominant TNFR55 death effect. This may be an important mechanism controlling neutrophil longevity and clearance in vivo.

Blood, Vol. 90 No. 7 (October 1), 1997: pp. 2772-2783
© 1997 by The American Society of Hematology.


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G. Salamone, M. Giordano, A. S. Trevani, R. Gamberale, M. Vermeulen, J. Schettinni, and J. R. Geffner
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A. J. Meszaros, J. S. Reichner, and J. E. Albina
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J. Xaus, M. Comalada, A. F. Valledor, J. Lloberas, F. Lopez-Soriano, J. M. Argiles, C. Bogdan, and A. Celada
LPS induces apoptosis in macrophages mostly through the autocrine production of TNF-alpha
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A. Laouar, D. Glesne, and E. Huberman
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K. Yamashita, A. Takahashi, S. Kobayashi, H. Hirata, P. W. Mesner Jr, S. H. Kaufmann, S. Yonehara, K. Yamamoto, T. Uchiyama, and M. Sasada
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Induction of Endothelial Ephrin A1 Expression Is Mediated by a p38 MAPK- and SAPK/JNK-dependent but Nuclear Factor-kappa B-independent Mechanism
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Lipopolysaccharide-induced Apoptosis of Macrophages Determines the Up-regulation of Concentrative Nucleoside Transporters Cnt1 and Cnt2 through Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -dependent and -independent Mechanisms
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