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Inhibition of Nuclear Factor kappa B Activation Attenuates Apoptosis Resistance in Lymphoid Cells

I. Jeremias, C. Kupatt, B. Baumann, I. Herr, T. Wirth, and K.M. Debatin

From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany; the Department of Physiology, University Munich, Germany; the Institut für Medizinische Strahlenkunde und Zellforschung, University Würzburg, Germany; and the University Childrens' Hospital, Ulm, Germany.

Death-inducing ligands (DILs) such as tumor necrosis factor alpha  (TNFalpha ) or the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin have been shown to activate a nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappa B)-dependent program that may rescue cells from apoptosis induction. We demonstrate here that TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), a recently identified DIL, also activates NFkappa B in lymphoid cell lines in a kinetic similar to TNFalpha . NFkappa B activity is independent from FADD, caspases, and apoptosis induction. To study the influence of NFkappa B activity on apoptosis mediated by TRAIL, CD95, TNFalpha , or doxorubicin, NFkappa B activation was inhibited using the proteasome inhibitor N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinyl-L-norleucinal or transient overexpression of mutant Ikappa Balpha . Sensitivity for induction of apoptosis was markedly increased by these treatments in apoptosis sensitive cell lines. Moreover, both in cell lines and in primary leukemia cells that are resistant towards induction of apoptosis by DILs and doxorubicin, antagonization of NFkappa B activity partially restored apoptosis sensitivity. These data suggest that inhibition of NFkappa B activation may provide a molecular approach to increase apoptosis sensitivity in anticancer treatment.

Blood, Vol. 91 No. 12 (June 15), 1998: pp. 4624-4631
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.


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