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Elevated Serum Concentrations of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in
Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Carina Seidel,
Magne Børset,
Ingemar Turesson,
Niels Abildgaard,
Anders Sundan, and
Anders Waage for th e Nordic Myeloma Study Group
From the Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology,
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; the
Department of Medicine, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö,
Sweden; the Department of Medicine and Hematology, Aarhus University
Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and the Section of Hematology, University
Hospital, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim,
Norway.
Serum from 398 myeloma patients at diagnosis and serial samples from
29 patients were analysed for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF was
elevated at diagnosis in 43% of myeloma patients compared with healthy
controls (median 1.00 ng/mL and 0.44 ng/mL, respectively;
P < .00001). In the group with elevated HGF levels 46% of
the patients reached plateau phase, as compared with 60% of the
patients with low HGF levels (P = .005), and the median survival time was 21 and 32 months, respectively
(P = .002). In a univariate Cox regression analysis, HGF
was a significant predictor of mortality (P = .02). In the
subgroup of patients with  2-microglobulin levels less than or equal
to 6 mg/L, high versus low HGF was a prognostic factor when a
multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed. In serial samples
HGF was higher at the time of diagnosis and relapse (median 0.57 ng/mL
and 0.52 ng/mL, respectively; P = .0018) than at response
(median 0.24 ng/mL, P = .008). We conclude that HGF may be
a useful follow-up parameter in myeloma patients. Measurement of HGF
may identify a group of patients with poor response to
melphalan-prednisone treatment and short survival. HGF was a prognostic
factor in patients with high levels of 2-microglobulin.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 3 (February 1), 1998:
pp. 806-812
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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