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Interleukin-18 Regulation of Interferon gamma  Production and Cell Proliferation as Shown in Interleukin-1beta -Converting Enzyme (Caspase-1)-Deficient Mice

Giamila Fantuzzi, Adrian J. Puren, Matthew W. Harding, David J. Livingston, and Charles A. Dinarello

From the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; and the Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a costimulatory factor for interferongamma (IFNgamma ) production. Processing of pro-IL-18 by IL-1beta -converting enzyme (ICE) leads to the release of bioactive IL-18. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, splenocytes from ICE-deficient mice produced low IFNgamma after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or zymosan (50% and 80% reduction). In contrast, IFNgamma production was unimpaired in ICE-deficient mice using Concanavalin A (Con A). Comparable results were obtained when endogenous IL-18 was blocked with a neutralizing antibody. LPS-induced IFNgamma was also reduced by an ICE inhibitor. Exogenous IL-18 augmented zymosan-induced IFNgamma production in WT mice. In ICE-deficient cells, IFNgamma production was only partially restored by IL-18. The reduced levels of IFNgamma in ICE-deficient mice were not due to a lack of IL-12, because zymosan induced IL-12 equally in WT and in ICE-deficient mice. IFNgamma is an important regulator of cell proliferation. In accordance, splenocytes from ICE-deficient mice proliferated more when stimulated with LPS, but not with Con A. Furthermore, in ovalbumin-sensitized ICE-deficient mice, proliferation of lymph node cells in response to the specific antigen was not altered. Exogenous IFNgamma inhibited, whereas blockade of endogenous IFNgamma or IL-18 increased, LPS induced splenocyte proliferation both in WT and in ICE-deficient mice. Our results show that IL-18 is an IL-12-independent regulator of IFNgamma production and of cell proliferation induced by microbial stimuli. However, ICE-dependent processing of IL-18 is not needed for response to mitogens or antigens.

Blood, Vol. 91 No. 6 (March 15), 1998: pp. 2118-2125
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.


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