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Detection and Titration of Human Herpesvirus-8-Specific
Antibodies in Sera From Blood Donors, Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome Patients, and Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients Using a Whole
Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Louise G. Chatlynne,
William Lapps,
Michael Handy,
Yao Q. Huang,
Rizwan Masood,
Ann S. Hamilton,
Jonathan W. Said,
H.P. Koeffler,
Mark H. Kaplan,
Alvin Friedman-Kien,
Parkash S. Gill,
James E. Whitman, and
Dharam V. Ablashi
From Advanced Biotechnologies Inc, Columbia, MD; New York University
Medical Center, New York, NY; University of Southern California School
of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School
of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; North Shore University Hospital,
Manhasset, NY; and Georgetown University School of Medicine,
Washington, DC.
A human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) with a whole virus lysate as antigen was developed and used to
measure the seroprevalence rate and levels of IgG antibodies to HHV-8
in sera/plasma of various patient groups and blood donors. The virus
antigen was prepared from the KS-1 cell line, which produces lytic
virus, and therefore contains a broad array of viral proteins.
Seroprevalence studies using this ELISA showed the following: 10 of 91 blood donors (11%) had an average HHV-8 antibody titer of 118; 67 of
72 (93%) classic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients were positive with an
average titer of 14,111; and 57 of 62 (92%) KS/human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) patients were positive with an average titer of 4,000. A
study on a very limited number of serial serum samples from patients
before and after diagnosis with KS showed highly elevated antibody
titers to HHV-8 virus after KS lesions developed. Preliminary data show that 50% of the sera from HIV-1+ homosexual patients
contain IgG antibodies to HHV-8 suggesting that this population is at
high risk for developing KS. Antibody results correlated well with the
confirmatory immunofluorescent assays (IFA) using KS-1 cells as the
substrate. This HHV-8 IgG antibody detection ELISA is sensitive and
specific and does not cross-react with Epstein-Barr virus
(EBV) or other human herpesviruses. The results of this
HHV-8 antibody survey suggest that this rapid ELISA assay can be used
to screen large numbers of sera to find those at risk for developing
KS.
Blood, Vol. 92 No. 1 (July 1), 1998:
pp. 53-58
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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