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Blood, Vol. 92 No. 9 (November 1), 1998:
pp. 3218-3225
Erythropoietin mRNA Expression in Human Fetal and Neonatal Tissue
Christof Dame,
Hubert Fahnenstich,
Patricia Freitag,
Dietmar Hofmann,
Thair Abdul-Nour,
Peter Bartmann, and
Joachim Fandrey
From the Department of Neonatology, University of Bonn, Bonn; the
Institute of Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn; the Institute of
Pediatric Pathology, University of Bonn, Bonn; and the Institute of
Physiology, Medical University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Based on animal experiments, a switch of the erythropoietin (EPO)
production site from the liver in the fetus to the kidneys in the adult
has been postulated. To study the switch in humans, we have quantitated
EPO mRNA expression in liver, kidney, spleen, and bone marrow of human
fetuses and neonates by means of a competitive polymerase chain
reaction (PCR). Tissue samples from 66 routine postmortem examinations
were obtained. EPO mRNA was expressed in 97% of the tissue specimen
derived from the liver (n = 66) and in 93% of those from the kidneys
(17 weeks of gestation until 18 months after birth; n = 59). For the
first time the EPO gene was found expressed in vivo in human spleen
(96% of 64 samples) and in fetal and neonatal bone marrow (81% of 21 samples). EPO mRNA expression in the kidneys increased significantly
beyond 30 weeks of gestation (P < .05). Although there was a
slight decrease in EPO mRNA content per g liver tissue towards birth,
the liver accounted for about 80% of the total body EPO mRNA. The
contribution of the spleen and bone marrow were minor compared with
liver and kidneys. Our results indicate that in humans the liver is the primary site of EPO gene expression not only in fetal, but also in
neonatal life. A significant increase of renal EPO mRNA expression after 30 weeks of gestation might indicate the beginning switch.
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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