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Blood, Vol. 93 No. 2 (January 15), 1999:
pp. 667-673
Augmented Proliferation of Human Alveolar Macrophages After
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation
Koh Nakata,
Hajime Gotoh,
Junichi Watanabe,
Takeshi Uetake,
Iwao Komuro,
Kazumi Yuasa,
Shinya Watanabe,
Ryuji Ieki,
Hisashi Sakamaki,
Hideki Akiyama,
Shohji Kudoh,
Makoto Naitoh,
Hitoshi Satoh, and
Kaoru Shimada
From The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo,
Tokyo, Japan; the Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
the 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo,
Japan; and the 2nd Department of Pathology, Niigata University, Medical
School, Niigata, Japan.
After allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), recipient
alveolar macrophages (AM) are gradually replaced by AM of the donor
origin. An influx of mononuclear phagocytes of donor origin to the lung
is responsible for the repopulation, but the detailed kinetics remain
unclear. We therefore studied 24 BMT recipients who underwent
bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 24 to 83 days after BMT. AM cell
number, size, morphology, proliferating ability, and genotype of AM
were measured. Before day 50, the number and size of AM in BAL fluid
were similar to those of normal nonsmokers. However, after day 50, the
mean number of AM increased threefold and the mean cell size decreased
due to the increase of small AM. These small cells are presumably of
donor origin based on DNA fingerprinting analysis and based on
fluorescence in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome in a
sex-mismatched case. Immunohistochemistry and cell cycle analysis
demonstrated that the increase in AM number coincided with a remarkable
increase of AM expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen,
suggesting that small AM are proliferating. This is the first report
representing that augmented proliferation of donor AM in situ may
contribute to the reconstitution of AM population after BMT.

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