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Blood, Vol. 93 No. 2 (January 15), 1999:
pp. 728-736
Monitoring Human Blood Dendritic Cell Numbers in Normal
Individuals and in Stem Cell Transplantation
D.B. Fearnley,
L.F. Whyte,
S.A. Carnoutsos,
A.H. Cook, and
D.N.J. Hart
From the Christchurch Hematology/Immunology Research Group and
Department of Hematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New
Zealand; and the Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia.
Dendritic cells (DC) originate from a bone marrow (BM) precursor and
circulate via the blood to most body tissues where they fulfill a role
in antigen surveillance. Little is known about DC numbers in disease,
although the reported increase in tissue DC turnover due to
inflammatory stimuli suggests that blood DC numbers may be altered in
some clinical situations. The lack of a defined method for counting DC
has limited patient studies. We therefore developed a method suitable
for routine monitoring of blood DC numbers, using the CMRF44 monoclonal
antibody (MoAb) and flow cytometry to identify DC. A normal range was
determined from samples drawn from 103 healthy adults. The mean
percentage of DC present in blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was 0.42%,
and the mean absolute DC count was 10 × 106 DC/L blood.
The normal ranges for DC (mean ± 1.96 standard deviation [SD]) were
0.15% to 0.70% MNC or 3 to 17 × 106 DC/L
blood. This method has applications for monitoring attempts to mobilize
DC into the blood to facilitate their collection for immunotherapeutic
purposes and for counting blood DC in other patients. In preliminary
studies, we have found a statistically significant decrease in the
blood DC counts in individuals at the time of blood stem cell harvest
and in patients with acute illnesses, including allogeneic bone marrow
transplant (BMT) recipients with acute graft-versus-host disease
(aGVHD).
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