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Blood, Vol. 94 No. 10 (November 15), 1999: pp. 3294-3306

Improved Treatment Results in Childhood B-Cell Neoplasms With Tailored Intensification of Therapy: A Report of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Group Trial NHL-BFM 90

Alfred Reiter, Martin Schrappe, Markus Tiemann, Wolf-Dieter Ludwig, Elif Yakisan, Martin Zimmermann, Georg Mann, Andreas Chott, Wolfram Ebell, Thomas Klingebiel, Norbert Graf, Bernhard Kremens, Stefan Müller-Weihrich, Hans-Jürgen Plüss, Felix Zintl, Günter Henze, and Hansjörg Riehm

From the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany; the Lymphnode Registry of The Society of German Pathologists, Institute of Hematopathology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany; the Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; the St. Anna Kinderspital, Vienna, Austria; the Department of Pathology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany; the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; the Department of Pediatrics, Technical University, München, Germany; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; and the Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.

In study NHL-BFM 90, we investigated whether the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration and early response are useful markers for stratification of therapy for childhood B-cell neoplasms in addition to stage, if the outcome of patients with abdominal stage III and LDH >= 500 U/L can be improved by high-dose (HD) methotrexate (MTX) at 5 g/m2 instead of intermediate-dose (ID) MTX at 500 mg/m2 in the preceding study 86; whether 2 therapy courses are enough for patients with complete resection; and whether combined systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy is efficacious for central nervous system-positive (CNS+) patients. After a cytoreductive prephase, treatment was stratified into 3 risk groups: patients in R1 (completely resected) received 2 5-day courses (ID-MTX, dexamethasone, oxazaphorins, etoposide, cytarabine, doxorubicin, and intrathecal therapy), patients in R2 (extra-abdominal primary only or abdominal tumor and LDH <500 U/L) received 4 courses containing HD-MTX, and patients in R3 (abdominal primary and LDH >= 500 U/L or bone marrow/CNS/multilocal bone disease) received 6 courses. Incomplete responders after 2 courses received an intensification containing HD-cytarabine/etoposide. Patients with no or necrotic tumor thereafter received 3 more courses; 6 patients with viable tumor received autologous bone marrow transplantation. From April 1990 through March 1995, 413 evaluable patients were enrolled (R1, 17%; R2, 40%; and R3, 43%). The 6-year event-free survival (pEFS) was 89% ± 2% for all and 100%, 96% ±2%, and 78% ± 3% in R1, R2, and R3, respectively. The pEFS of patients with abdominal stage III and LDH >= 500 U/L was 81% ± 4% as compared with 43% ± 10% in study 86. Of 26 CNS+ patients, 5 died early, but only 3 relapsed.


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