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Blood, Vol. 94 No. 8 (October 15), 1999:
pp. 2800-2808
Monocytoid B Cells Are Distinct From Splenic Marginal Zone Cells
and Commonly Derive From Unmutated Naive B Cells and Less
Frequently From Postgerminal Center B Cells by Polyclonal
Transformation
Karoline Stein,
Michael Hummel,
Petra Korbjuhn,
Hans-Dieter Foss,
Ioannis Anagnostopoulos,
Theresa Marafioti, and
Harald Stein
From the Institute of Pathology, Consultation and Reference Centre
for Lymph Node Pathology and Haematopathology, University Hospital
Benjamin Franklin, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Monocytoid B cells represent a morphologically conspicuous B-cell
population that constantly occurs in Toxoplasma gondii-induced Piringer's lymphadenopathy. Although widely believed to be closely related to splenic marginal zone B cells, neither this relationship, nor the B-cell differentiation stage of monocytoid B cells, nor their
cellular precursors have been established. We have therefore examined
monocytoid B cells for their expression of B-cell differentiation markers and the Ig isotypes at the RNA and protein level as well as for
rearranged Ig heavy chain (H) genes and somatic mutations within the
variable (V) region. The results obtained were compared with the
corresponding features of other B-cell populations. The monocytoid B
cells displayed immunophenotypical differences to all other B-cell
populations. IgM and IgD expression was absent from most monocytoid B
cells at the RNA and protein levels. Unrelated (polyclonal) Ig
rearrangements were found in 85 of the 95 cells studied. Seventy-four
percent of the rearranged VH genes were devoid of somatic mutations,
whereas the remaining 26% carried a low number of somatic mutations.
The majority of these showed no significant signs of antigen selection.
This finding in conjunction with the predominantly unrelated Ig gene
rearrangements indicates that most monocytoid B cells arise not by
clonal proliferation but by transformation of polyclonal B cells. The B
cells undergoing a monocytoid B-cell transformation are in the majority
(74%) naive B cells, and only a minority are (26%)
non-antigen-selected postgerminal center B cells. Thus, our data show
that monocytoid B cells represent a distinct B-cell subpopulation.
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