|
|
 Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
Blood, Vol. 95 No. 1 (January 1), 2000:
pp. 249-255
T-cell division in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1
infection is mainly due to immune activation: a longitudinal
analysis in patients before and during highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART)
Mette D. Hazenberg,
James W. T. Cohen Stuart,
Sigrid A. Otto,
Jan C. C. Borleffs,
Charles A. B. Boucher,
Rob J. de Boer,
Frank Miedema, and
Dörte Hamann
From the Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, CLB, and the
Laboratory for Experimental and Clinical Immunology and Department of
Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam; the Department of Internal Medicine, University
Hospital Utrecht; the Department of Virology, Eijkman-Winkler
Institute, University Hospital Utrecht; and the Department of
Theoretical Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection, highly
increased T-cell turnover was proposed to cause exhaustion of
lymphocyte production and consequently development of AIDS. Here, we
investigated cell proliferation, as measured by expression of the Ki-67
nuclear antigen, in peripheral blood CD4+ and
CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations before and during highly
active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In untreated HIV-1
infection, both the percentage and number of Ki-67+
CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes were
significantly increased, compared with values obtained from
healthy individuals. A more than 10-fold increase in the percentage of
dividing naive CD4+ T cells in the blood was found
when the number of these cells were below 100 per µL.. HAART
induced an immediate decline in Ki-67 antigen expression, despite often
very low CD4+ T-cell numbers, arguing against increased
proliferation being a homeostatic response. After approximately 24 weeks of HAART treatment, a transient increase in the number of
proliferating cells was seen, but only in the CD4+
CD27+ memory pool. In the CD8+ T-cell
compartment, the number of dividing cells was elevated 20- to
25-fold. This increase was most notable in the CD27+ CD
45RO+ and CD27
CD45RO+ memory CD8+ T-cell pool,
corresponding with the degree of expansion of these subsets. Reduction
of plasma HIV-RNA load by HAART was accompanied by a decrease in
numbers and percentages of dividing cells in all CD8+
T-cell subsets. Taken together, our results indicate that peripheral T-cell proliferation is a consequence of generalized immune activation. (Blood. 2000;95:249-255)
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
S. Molina-Pinelo, A. Vallejo, L. Diaz, N. Soriano-Sarabia, S. Ferrando-Martinez, S. Resino, M. A. Munoz-Fernandez, and M. Leal
Premature immunosenescence in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy with low-level CD4 T cell repopulation
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.,
September 1, 2009;
64(3):
579 - 588.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Brenchley, M. Paiardini, K. S. Knox, A. I. Asher, B. Cervasi, T. E. Asher, P. Scheinberg, D. A. Price, C. A. Hage, L. M. Kholi, et al.
Differential Th17 CD4 T-cell depletion in pathogenic and nonpathogenic lentiviral infections
Blood,
October 1, 2008;
112(7):
2826 - 2835.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. B. Hogue, S. H. Bajaria, B. A. Fallert, S. Qin, T. A. Reinhart, and D. E. Kirschner
The dual role of dendritic cells in the immune response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
J. Gen. Virol.,
September 1, 2008;
89(9):
2228 - 2239.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Pahwa, J. S. Read, W. Yin, Y. Matthews, W. Shearer, C. Diaz, K. Rich, H. Mendez, B. Thompson, and for the Women and Infants Transmission Study
CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Ratio for Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants: Women and Infants Transmission Study
Pediatrics,
August 1, 2008;
122(2):
331 - 339.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Vrisekoop, R. van Gent, A. B. de Boer, S. A. Otto, J. C. C. Borleffs, R. Steingrover, J. M. Prins, T. W. Kuijpers, T. F. W. Wolfs, S. P. M. Geelen, et al.
Restoration of the CD4 T Cell Compartment after Long-Term Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy without Phenotypical Signs of Accelerated Immunological Aging
J. Immunol.,
July 15, 2008;
181(2):
1573 - 1581.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Vrisekoop, I. den Braber, A. B. de Boer, A. F. C. Ruiter, M. T. Ackermans, S. N. van der Crabben, E. H. R. Schrijver, G. Spierenburg, H. P. Sauerwein, M. D. Hazenberg, et al.
Sparse production but preferential incorporation of recently produced naive T cells in the human peripheral pool
PNAS,
April 22, 2008;
105(16):
6115 - 6120.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Dunham, B. Cervasi, J. M. Brenchley, H. Albrecht, A. Weintrob, B. Sumpter, J. Engram, S. Gordon, N. R. Klatt, I. Frank, et al.
CD127 and CD25 Expression Defines CD4+ T Cell Subsets That Are Differentially Depleted during HIV Infection
J. Immunol.,
April 15, 2008;
180(8):
5582 - 5592.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Pandrea, R. M. Ribeiro, R. Gautam, T. Gaufin, M. Pattison, M. Barnes, C. Monjure, C. Stoulig, J. Dufour, W. Cyprian, et al.
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVagm Dynamics in African Green Monkeys
J. Virol.,
April 1, 2008;
82(7):
3713 - 3724.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. N. Gordon, R. M. Dunham, J. C. Engram, J. Estes, Z. Wang, N. R. Klatt, M. Paiardini, I. V. Pandrea, C. Apetrei, D. L. Sodora, et al.
Short-Lived Infected Cells Support Virus Replication in Sooty Mangabeys Naturally Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for AIDS Pathogenesis
J. Virol.,
April 1, 2008;
82(7):
3725 - 3735.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Sedaghat, J. German, T. M. Teslovich, J. Cofrancesco Jr., C. C. Jie, C. C. Talbot Jr., and R. F. Siliciano
Chronic CD4+ T-Cell Activation and Depletion in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Type I Interferon-Mediated Disruption of T-Cell Dynamics
J. Virol.,
February 15, 2008;
82(4):
1870 - 1883.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kaur, M. Di Mascio, A. Barabasz, M. Rosenzweig, H. M. McClure, A. S. Perelson, R. M. Ribeiro, and R. P. Johnson
Dynamics of T- and B-Lymphocyte Turnover in a Natural Host of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
J. Virol.,
February 1, 2008;
82(3):
1084 - 1093.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. Ndhlovu, C. P. Loo, G. Spotts, D. F. Nixon, and F. M. Hecht
FOXP3 expressing CD127lo CD4+ T cells inversely correlate with CD38+ CD8+ T cell activation levels in primary HIV-1 infection
J. Leukoc. Biol.,
February 1, 2008;
83(2):
254 - 262.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Biancotto, S. J. Iglehart, C. Vanpouille, C. E. Condack, A. Lisco, E. Ruecker, I. Hirsch, L. B. Margolis, and J.-C. Grivel
HIV-1 induced activation of CD4+ T cells creates new targets for HIV-1 infection in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo
Blood,
January 15, 2008;
111(2):
699 - 704.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. F. Koenen, F. M. Hofhuis, M. A. Oosterwegel, and K. Tesselaar
T Cell Activation and Proliferation Characteristic for HIV-Nef Transgenic Mice Is Lymphopenia Induced
J. Immunol.,
May 1, 2007;
178(9):
5762 - 5768.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-L. Dion, R. Bordi, J. Zeidan, R. Asaad, M.-R. Boulassel, J.-P. Routy, M. M. Lederman, R.-P. Sekaly, and R. Cheynier
Slow disease progression and robust therapy-mediated CD4+ T-cell recovery are associated with efficient thymopoiesis during HIV-1 infection
Blood,
April 1, 2007;
109(7):
2912 - 2920.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Giovannetti, M. Pierdominici, F. Mazzetta, M. Marziali, C. Renzi, A. M. Mileo, M. De Felice, B. Mora, A. Esposito, R. Carello, et al.
Unravelling the Complexity of T Cell Abnormalities in Common Variable Immunodeficiency
J. Immunol.,
March 15, 2007;
178(6):
3932 - 3943.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Sumpter, R. Dunham, S. Gordon, J. Engram, M. Hennessy, A. Kinter, M. Paiardini, B. Cervasi, N. Klatt, H. McClure, et al.
Correlates of Preserved CD4+ T Cell Homeostasis during Natural, Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Sooty Mangabeys: Implications for AIDS Pathogenesis
J. Immunol.,
February 1, 2007;
178(3):
1680 - 1691.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. van den Dool and R. J. de Boer
The Effects of Age, Thymectomy, and HIV Infection on {alpha} and beta TCR Excision Circles in Naive T Cells
J. Immunol.,
October 1, 2006;
177(7):
4391 - 4401.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Borghans, R. G. Bredius, M. D. Hazenberg, H. Roelofs, E. C. Jol-van der Zijde, J. Heidt, S. A. Otto, T. W. Kuijpers, W. E. Fibbe, J. M. Vossen, et al.
Early determinants of long-term T-cell reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency
Blood,
July 15, 2006;
108(2):
763 - 769.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Di Mascio, I. Sereti, L. T. Matthews, V. Natarajan, J. Adelsberger, R. Lempicki, C. Yoder, E. Jones, C. Chow, J. A. Metcalf, et al.
Naive T-Cell Dynamics in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Provide Insights into the Mechanisms of Naive T-Cell Depletion
J. Virol.,
March 15, 2006;
80(6):
2665 - 2674.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Ribeiro, M. D. Hazenberg, A. S. Perelson, and M. P. Davenport
Naive and Memory Cell Turnover as Drivers of CCR5-to-CXCR4 Tropism Switch in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Implications for Therapy
J. Virol.,
January 15, 2006;
80(2):
802 - 809.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Y. Hsue and D. D. Waters
What a Cardiologist Needs to Know About Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Circulation,
December 20, 2005;
112(25):
3947 - 3957.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. P Galvani
The role of mutation accumulation in HIV progression
Proc R Soc B,
September 7, 2005;
272(1574):
1851 - 1858.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Monceaux, L. Viollet, F. Petit, R. H. T. Fang, M.-C. Cumont, J. Zaunders, B. Hurtrel, and J. Estaquier
CD8+ T Cell Dynamics during Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Macaques: Relationship of Effector Cell Differentiation with the Extent of Viral Replication
J. Immunol.,
June 1, 2005;
174(11):
6898 - 6908.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Paiardini, B. Cervasi, H. Albrecht, A. Muthukumar, R. Dunham, S. Gordon, H. Radziewicz, G. Piedimonte, M. Magnani, M. Montroni, et al.
Loss of CD127 Expression Defines an Expansion of Effector CD8+ T Cells in HIV-Infected Individuals
J. Immunol.,
March 1, 2005;
174(5):
2900 - 2909.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Choudhary, N. R. Choudhary, K. C. Kimbrell, J. Colasanti, A. Ziogas, D. Kwa, H. Schuitemaker, and D. Camerini
R5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Fetal Thymic Organ Culture Induces Cytokine and CCR5 Expression
J. Virol.,
January 1, 2005;
79(1):
458 - 471.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Hazenberg, S. A. Otto, A. M.C. van Rossum, H. J. Scherpbier, R. de Groot, T. W. Kuijpers, J. M.A. Lange, D. Hamann, R. J. de Boer, J. A.M. Borghans, et al.
Establishment of the CD4+ T-cell pool in healthy children and untreated children infected with HIV-1
Blood,
December 1, 2004;
104(12):
3513 - 3519.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Borkow and Z. Bentwich
Chronic Immune Activation Associated with Chronic Helminthic and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections: Role of Hyporesponsiveness and Anergy
Clin. Microbiol. Rev.,
October 1, 2004;
17(4):
1012 - 1030.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. G. Deeks, C. M. R. Kitchen, L. Liu, H. Guo, R. Gascon, A. B. Narvaez, P. Hunt, J. N. Martin, J. O. Kahn, J. Levy, et al.
Immune activation set point during early HIV infection predicts subsequent CD4+ T-cell changes independent of viral load
Blood,
August 15, 2004;
104(4):
942 - 947.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Sereti, K. B. Anthony, H. Martinez-Wilson, R. Lempicki, J. Adelsberger, J. A. Metcalf, C. W. Hallahan, D. Follmann, R. T. Davey, J. A. Kovacs, et al.
IL-2-induced CD4+ T-cell expansion in HIV-infected patients is associated with long-term decreases in T-cell proliferation
Blood,
August 1, 2004;
104(3):
775 - 780.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Nobile, R. Correa, J. A. M. Borghans, C. D'Agostino, P. Schneider, R. J. de Boer, and G. Pantaleo
De novo T-cell generation in patients at different ages and stages of HIV-1 disease
Blood,
July 15, 2004;
104(2):
470 - 477.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Y. Hsue, J. C. Lo, A. Franklin, A. F. Bolger, J. N. Martin, S. G. Deeks, and D. D. Waters
Progression of Atherosclerosis as Assessed by Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With HIV Infection
Circulation,
April 6, 2004;
109(13):
1603 - 1608.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Monceaux, R. H. T. Fang, M. C. Cumont, B. Hurtrel, and J. Estaquier
Distinct Cycling CD4+- and CD8+-T-Cell Profiles during the Asymptomatic Phase of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac251 Infection in Rhesus Macaques
J. Virol.,
September 15, 2003;
77(18):
10047 - 10059.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Schmitt, L. Chene, D. Boutolleau, M.-T. Nugeyre, E. Guillemard, P. Versmisse, C. Jacquemot, F. Barre-Sinoussi, and N. Israel
Positive Regulation of CXCR4 Expression and Signaling by Interleukin-7 in CD4+ Mature Thymocytes Correlates with Their Capacity To Favor Human Immunodeficiency X4 Virus Replication
J. Virol.,
May 15, 2003;
77(10):
5784 - 5793.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. De Boer, H. Mohri, D. D. Ho, and A. S. Perelson
Turnover Rates of B Cells, T Cells, and NK Cells in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Uninfected Rhesus Macaques
J. Immunol.,
March 1, 2003;
170(5):
2479 - 2487.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Sopper, D. Nierwetberg, A. Halbach, U. Sauer, C. Scheller, C. Stahl-Hennig, K. Matz-Rensing, F. Schafer, T. Schneider, V. ter Meulen, et al.
Impact of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection on lymphocyte numbers and T-cell turnover in different organs of rhesus monkeys
Blood,
February 15, 2003;
101(4):
1213 - 1219.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Ribeiro, H. Mohri, D. D. Ho, and A. S. Perelson
In vivo dynamics of T cell activation, proliferation, and death in HIV-1 infection: Why are CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells depleted?
PNAS,
November 26, 2002;
99(24):
15572 - 15577.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Lewin, R. M. Ribeiro, G. R. Kaufmann, D. Smith, J. Zaunders, M. Law, A. Solomon, P. U. Cameron, D. Cooper, and A. S. Perelson
Dynamics of T Cells and TCR Excision Circles Differ After Treatment of Acute and Chronic HIV Infection
J. Immunol.,
October 15, 2002;
169(8):
4657 - 4666.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Sereti, H. Martinez-Wilson, J. A. Metcalf, M. W. Baseler, C. W. Hallahan, B. Hahn, R. L. Hengel, R. T. Davey, J. A. Kovacs, and H. C. Lane
Long-term effects of intermittent interleukin 2 therapy in patients with HIV infection: characterization of a novel subset of CD4+/CD25+ T cells
Blood,
August 28, 2002;
100(6):
2159 - 2167.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Franco, A. Rubio, M. Martinez-Moya, M. Leal, E. Merchante, A. Sanchez-Quijano, and E. Lissen
T-cell repopulation and thymic volume in HIV-1-infected adult patients after highly active antiretroviral therapy
Blood,
May 15, 2002;
99(10):
3702 - 3706.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Hazenberg, S. A. Otto, E. S. de Pauw, H. Roelofs, W. E. Fibbe, D. Hamann, and F. Miedema
T-cell receptor excision circle and T-cell dynamics after allogeneic stem cell transplantation are related to clinical events
Blood,
May 1, 2002;
99(9):
3449 - 3453.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. J. van der Vliet, B. M. E. von Blomberg, M. D. Hazenberg, N. Nishi, S. A. Otto, B. H. van Benthem, M. Prins, F. A. Claessen, A. J. M. van den Eertwegh, G. Giaccone, et al.
Selective Decrease in Circulating V{alpha}24+V{beta}11+ NKT Cells During HIV Type 1 Infection
J. Immunol.,
February 1, 2002;
168(3):
1490 - 1495.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Kovacs, R. A. Lempicki, I. A. Sidorov, J. W. Adelsberger, B. Herpin, J. A. Metcalf, I. Sereti, M. A. Polis, R. T. Davey, J. Tavel, et al.
Identification of Dynamically Distinct Subpopulations of T Lymphocytes That Are Differentially Affected by HIV
J. Exp. Med.,
December 10, 2001;
194(12):
1731 - 1741.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. C. Douek, M. R. Betts, B. J. Hill, S. J. Little, R. Lempicki, J. A. Metcalf, J. Casazza, C. Yoder, J. W. Adelsberger, R. A. Stevens, et al.
Evidence for Increased T Cell Turnover and Decreased Thymic Output in HIV Infection
J. Immunol.,
December 1, 2001;
167(11):
6663 - 6668.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Paiardini, D. Galati, B. Cervasi, G. Cannavo, L. Galluzzi, M. Montroni, D. Guetard, M. Magnani, G. Piedimonte, and G. Silvestri
Exogenous Interleukin-2 Administration Corrects the Cell Cycle Perturbation of Lymphocytes from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals
J. Virol.,
November 15, 2001;
75(22):
10843 - 10855.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Llano, J. Barretina, A. Gutierrez, J. Blanco, C. Cabrera, B. Clotet, and J. A. Este
Interleukin-7 in Plasma Correlates with CD4 T-Cell Depletion and May Be Associated with Emergence of Syncytium-Inducing Variants in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Positive Individuals
J. Virol.,
November 1, 2001;
75(21):
10319 - 10325.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kwa, J. Vingerhoed, B. Boeser-Nunnink, S. Broersen, and H. Schuitemaker
Cytopathic Effects of Non-Syncytium-Inducing and Syncytium-Inducing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants on Different CD4+-T-Cell Subsets Are Determined Only by Coreceptor Expression
J. Virol.,
November 1, 2001;
75(21):
10455 - 10459.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Mohri, A. S. Perelson, K. Tung, R. M. Ribeiro, B. Ramratnam, M. Markowitz, R. Kost, Hurley, L. Weinberger, D. Cesar, et al.
Increased Turnover of T Lymphocytes in HIV-1 Infection and Its Reduction by Antiretroviral Therapy
J. Exp. Med.,
October 29, 2001;
194(9):
1277 - 1288.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Chavan, S. Kodoth, R. Pahwa, and S. Pahwa
The HIV protease inhibitor Indinavir inhibits cell-cycle progression in vitro in lymphocytes of HIV-infected and uninfected individuals
Blood,
July 15, 2001;
98(2):
383 - 389.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. De Paoli
Immunological Effects of Interleukin-2 Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Subjects
Clin. Vaccine Immunol.,
July 1, 2001;
8(4):
671 - 677.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Cannavo', M. Paiardini, D. Galati, B. Cervasi, M. Montroni, G. De Vico, D. Guetard, M. L. Bocchino, I. Picerno, M. Magnani, et al.
Abnormal intracellular kinetics of cell-cycle-dependent proteins in lymphocytes from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a novel biologic link between immune activation, accelerated T-cell turnover, and high levels of apoptosis
Blood,
March 15, 2001;
97(6):
1756 - 1764.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kaur, C. L. Hale, S. Ramanujan, R. K. Jain, and R. P. Johnson
Differential Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Proliferation and Activation in Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
J. Virol.,
September 15, 2000;
74(18):
8413 - 8424.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Blaak, A. B. van't Wout, M. Brouwer, B. Hooibrink, E. Hovenkamp, and H. Schuitemaker
In vivo HIV-1 infection of CD45RA+CD4+ T cells is established primarily by syncytium-inducing variants and correlates with the rate of CD4+ T cell decline
PNAS,
February 1, 2000;
97(3):
1269 - 1274.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Lempicki, J. A. Kovacs, M. W. Baseler, J. W. Adelsberger, R. L. Dewar, V. Natarajan, M. C. Bosche, J. A. Metcalf, R. A. Stevens, L. A. Lambert, et al.
Impact of HIV-1 infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy on the kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell turnover in HIV-infected patients
PNAS,
December 5, 2000;
97(25):
13778 - 13783.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
