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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 10 (May 15), 2000:
pp. 3162-3167
Glucocorticoids transform CD40-triggering of dendritic cells into
an alternative activation pathway resulting in antigen-presenting cells
that secrete IL-10
Delphine Rea,
Cees van Kooten,
Krista E. van
Meijgaarden,
Tom H. M. Ottenhoff,
Cornelis J. M. Melief, and
Rienk Offringa
From the Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank and the
Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
Netherlands.
Dendritic cell (DC) activation through CD40-CD40 ligand interactions
is a key regulatory step for the development of protective T-cell
immunity and also plays an important role in the initiation of T-cell
responses involved in autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. In
contrast to previous reports, we show that the immunosuppressive drug
dexamethasone (DEX) redirects rather than simply blocks this DC
activation process. We found that DCs triggered through CD40 in the
presence of DEX were unable to acquire high levels of costimulatory, adhesion, and major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules
and failed to express the maturation marker CD83, whereas antigen
uptake was not affected. Moreover, DEX strikingly modified the
CD40-activated DC cytokine secretion profile by suppressing the
production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-12 and
potentiating the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
Accordingly, DEX-exposed CD40-triggered DCs displayed a decreased
T-cell allostimulatory potential and a dramatically impaired ability to
activate cloned CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Moreover,
interaction between Th1 cells and these DCs rendered the T cells
hyporesponsive to further antigen-specific restimulation. Collectively,
our results demonstrate that DEX profoundly modulates CD40-dependent DC
activation and suggest that the resulting alternatively activated DCs
can be exploited for suppression of unwanted T-cell responses in vivo.

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