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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 2 (January 15), 2000:
pp. 375-387
REVIEW ARTICLE
The Rh blood group system: a review
Neil D. Avent and
Marion E. Reid
From the Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences,
University of the West of England, Bristol, England, and the New York
Blood Center, New York, NY.
The Rh blood group system is one of the most polymorphic and
immunogenic systems known in humans. In the past decade, intense investigation has yielded considerable knowledge of the molecular background of this system. The genes encoding 2 distinct Rh proteins that carry C or c together with either E or e antigens, and the D
antigen, have been cloned, and the molecular bases of many of the
antigens and of the phenotypes have been determined. A related protein,
the Rh glycoprotein is essential for assembly of the Rh protein complex
in the erythrocyte membrane and for expression of Rh antigens. The
purpose of this review is to provide an overview of several aspects of
the Rh blood group system, including the confusing terminology,
progress in molecular understanding, and how this developing knowledge
can be used in the clinical setting. Extensive documentation is
provided to enable the interested reader to obtain further information.
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