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Blood, Vol. 96 No. 2 (July 15), 2000:
pp. 514-522
Different mechanisms define the antiadhesive function of high
molecular weight kininogen in integrin- and urokinase
receptor-dependent interactions
Triantafyllos Chavakis,
Sandip M. Kanse,
Florea Lupu,
Hans-Peter Hammes,
Werner Müller-Esterl,
Robin A. Pixley,
Robert W. Colman, and
Klaus T. Preissner
From the Institute for Biochemistry and the Department of Internal
Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Weston Center for
Experimental Research, Thrombosis Research Institute, Manresa Road,
London, England; Institute for Physiological Chemistry,
Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany; and the Sol
Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of
Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
Proteolytic cleavage of single-chain high molecular weight kininogen
(HK) by kallikrein releases the short-lived vasodilator bradykinin and
leaves behind 2-chain high molecular weight kininogen (HKa) that has
been previously reported to exert antiadhesive properties as well as to
bind to the urokinase receptor (uPAR) on endothelial cells. In this
study we defined the molecular mechanisms for the antiadhesive effects
of HKa related to disruption of integrin- and uPAR-mediated cellular
interactions. Vitronectin (VN) but not fibrinogen or
fibronectin-dependent v 3 integrin-mediated adhesion
of endothelial cells was blocked by HKa or its isolated domain 5. In a
purified system, HKa but not HK competed for the interaction of VN with
v 3 integrin, because HKa and the isolated domain 5 but not HK bound to both multimeric and native VN in a
Zn2+-dependent manner. The interaction between HKa or
domain 5 with VN was prevented by heparin, plasminogen activator
inhibitor-1, and a recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fusion
peptide GST-VN (1-77) consisting of the amino terminal portion of VN
(amino acids 1-77), but not by a cyclic arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl
peptide, indicating that HKa interacts with the amino terminal portion of VN ("somatomedin B region"). Furthermore, we have confirmed that HKa but not HK bound to uPAR and to the truncated 2-domain form of
uPAR lacking domain 1 in a Zn2+-dependent manner. Through
these interactions, HKa or its recombinant His-Gly-Lys-rich domain 5 completely inhibited the uPAR-dependent adhesion of myelomonocytic U937
cells and uPAR-transfected BAF-3 cells to VN and thereby promoted cell
detachment. By immunogold electron microscopy, both VN and HK/HKa were
found to be colocalized in sections from human atherosclerotic coronary
artery, indicating that the described interactions are likely to take
place in vivo. Taken together, HK and HKa inhibit different
VN-responsive adhesion receptor systems and may thereby influence
endothelial cell- or leukocyte-related interactions in the vasculature,
particularly under inflammatory conditions.

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