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Blood, 1 February 2001, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 822-825
BRIEF REPORT
Cytogenetic, interphase, and multicolor fluorescence in situ
hybridization analyses in primary plasma cell leukemia: a study of 40 patients at diagnosis, on behalf of the Intergroupe Francophone du
Myélome and the Groupe Français de
Cytogénétique Hématologique
Hervé Avet-Loiseau,
Axelle Daviet,
Christophe Brigaudeau,
Evelyne Callet-Bauchu,
Christine Terré,
Marina Lafage-Pochitaloff,
François Désangles,
Sylvie Ramond,
Pascaline Talmant, and
Régis Bataille
From the Laboratory of Hematology, University Hospital,
Nantes, France; Laboratory of Hematology, University Hospital, Limoges,
France; Laboratory of Hematology, Hopital Lyon-Sud,
Pierre-Bénite, France; Laboratory of Cytogenetics, General
Hospital, Versailles; Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Institute
Paoli-Calmette, Marseille, France; and Laboratory of Cytogenetics,
Hospital Val-de-Grace, and Laboratory of Hematology, Hotel-Dieu, Paris,
France.
Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare plasma cell
malignancy. Consequently, few large reports have been published. Presented is a cytogenetic analysis of 40 patients with primary PCL
compared with 247 newly diagnosed patients with stage III multiple
myeloma (MM). Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in 23 of 34 patients, with usually complex hypodiploid or pseudodiploid karyotypes.
Analysis of rearrangements of the 14q32 region revealed significant
differences with high cell mass MM a higher incidence of t(11;14)
(33% vs 16%; P < .025) and of t(14;16) (13% vs 1%; P < .002) though incidences of t(4;14) were identical
and a higher incidence of monosomy 13 (68% vs 42%;
P = .005). Hypodiploid karyotypes and monosomy 13 may
explain, at least in part, the poorer prognosis of primary PCL. In
contrast, significantly longer survival was observed in patients
displaying t(11;14) in comparison with those lacking this translocation
(P = .001).
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