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Blood, 15 March 2001, Vol. 97, No. 6, pp. 1733-1741
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Human thymus contains 2 distinct dendritic cell
populations
Stéphane Vandenabeele,
Hubertus Hochrein,
Nasim Mavaddat,
Ken Winkel, and
Ken Shortman
From The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical
Research, P.O. Royal Melbourne Hospital, 3050 Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia.
In this study, 2 distinct populations of mature dendritic cells
(DCs) were identified in the human thymus. The major population is CD11b , CD11c+, and CD45ROlow
and does not express myeloid-related markers. It displays all the
characteristics of mature DCs with a typical dendritic morphology, high
surface levels of HLA-DR, CD40, CD83, and CD86, and expression of
DC-lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein messenger RNA (mRNA). In addition, CD11b thymic DCs do not express
macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) mRNA, but express
thymus-expressed chemokine (TECK) mRNA and are able to secrete
bioactive interleukin 12 (IL-12) upon stimulation. In contrast, the
minor and variable thymic DC population is CD11b+,
CD11chigh, and CD45ROhigh and comprises
CD83+CD14 mature and CD83
CD14+ immature DCs. It expresses macrophage-colony
stimulating factor receptor, MIP-1 mRNA and high amounts of decysin
mRNA after CD40 activation, but does not express TECK and is a weak
bioactive IL-12 producer. Also identified were the
IL-3Rhigh plasmacytoid cells, which are present in the
thymic cortex and medulla. Upon culture with IL-3,
granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and CD40 ligand, the
plasmacytoid cells can adopt a phenotype resembling that of freshly
isolated CD11b thymic DCs. However, these
plasmacytoid-derived DCs fail to secrete bioactive IL-12; therefore,
conclusions cannot be made about a direct relation between thymic
plasmacytoid cells and CD11b DCs. Whereas
CD11b+ thymic DCs appear to be related to tonsillar
germinal-center DCs, the major CD11b IL-12-secreting
human thymus DC population has similarities to mouse
CD11b CD8+ DCs.
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