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Blood, 1 April 2001, Vol. 97, No. 7, pp. 2045-2052
HEMATOPOIESIS
Human skin-derived mast cells can proliferate while retaining
their characteristic functional and protease phenotypes
Naotomo Kambe,
Michiyo Kambe,
Jarema P. Kochan, and
Lawrence B. Schwartz
From the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of
Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, Virginia, and the Department of Metabolic Diseases,
Hoffman-La Roche, Nutley, New Jersey.
Human mast cells in adult tissues have been thought to have
limited, if any, proliferative potential. The current study examined mast cells obtained from adult skin and cultured in serum-free medium
with recombinant human stem cell factor. During the first 4 weeks of
culture, the percentages of mast cells increased from 10 to almost 100. After 8 weeks, a 150-fold increase in the number of mast cells was
observed. When freshly dispersed mast cells were individually sorted
onto human fibroblast monolayers and cultured for 3 weeks, one or more
mast cells were detected in about two thirds of the wells, and in about
two thirds of these wells the surviving mast cells showed evidence of
proliferation, indicating most mast cells in skin can proliferate. Such
mast cells all expressed high surface levels of Kit and Fc RI, each of which were functional, indicating IgE was not required for FcRI
expression on mast cells. Such mast cells also retained the
MCTC protease phenotype of mast cells that normally reside in the dermis. After 4 to 8 weeks of culture these mast cells degranulated in response to substance P and compound 48/80,
characteristics of skin-derived mast cells that persist outside
of the cutaneous microenvironment.
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