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Blood, 1 May 2001, Vol. 97, No. 9, pp. 2708-2715
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Characteristics of early murine B-lymphocyte precursors and their
direct sensitivity to negative regulators
Taku Kouro,
Kay L. Medina,
Kenji Oritani, and
Paul W. Kincade
From the Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma
Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK; and the Department of
Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka University, Japan.
Recently, a collection of surface markers was exploited to isolate
viable Lin TdT+ cells from murine bone
marrow. These early pro-B cells were enriched for B-lineage lymphocyte
precursor activity measured by short-term culture and had little
responsiveness to myeloid growth factors. Early precursors can be
propagated with remarkably high cloning frequencies in stromal
cell-free, serum-free cultures, permitting this analysis of direct
regulatory factors. Expression of the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R )
chain marks functional precursors and IL-7 is necessary for progression
beyond the CD45RA+ CD19 stage. Efficient
survival and differentiation were only observed when stem cell factor
and Flt-3 ligand were also present. IL-7-responsive CD19+
precursors are estrogen resistant. However, B-lineage
differentiation was selectively abrogated when highly purified
Lin precursors were treated with hormone in the absence
of stromal cells. In addition, early stages of B lymphopoiesis were
arrested by limitin, a new interferon (IFN)-like cytokine as well as
IFN- , IFN- , or transforming growth factor (TGF- ), but not
by epidermal growth factor (EGF). Lin TdT+
early pro-B cells are shown here to be CD27+
AA4.1+/ Ki-67+ Ly-6C
Ly-6A/Sca-1Lo/ Thy-1 CD43+
CD4+/ CD16/32Lo/ CD44Hi and
similar in some respects to the "common lymphoid progenitors" (CLP)
identified by others. Although early pro-B cells have lost myeloid
differentiation potential, transplantation experiments described here
reveal that at least some can generate T lymphocytes. Of particular
importance is the demonstration that a pivotal early stage of
lymphopoiesis is directly sensitive to negative regulation by hormones
and cytokines.

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