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Blood, 1 August 2001, Vol. 98, No. 3, pp. 705-713
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Human natural killer cells with polyclonal lectin and
immunoglobulinlike receptors develop from single hematopoietic stem
cells with preferential expression of NKG2A and KIR2DL2/L3/S2
Jeffrey S. Miller and
Valarie McCullar
From the Department of Medicine, University of
Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN.
The stage of progenitor maturation and factors that determine the
fate and clonal acquisition of human natural killer (NK) cell receptors
during development are unknown. To study human NK cell receptor
ontogeny, umbilical cord blood
CD34+/Lin /CD38 cells were
cultured with a murine fetal liver line (AFT024) and defined cytokines.
In the absence of lymphocyte-stimulating cytokines or when contact with
AFT024 was prohibited, NK cell progeny were killer immunoglobulinlike
receptor (KIR) and CD94 lectin receptor negative. In contrast,
efficient NK cell differentiation and receptor acquisition was
dependent on direct contact of progenitors with AFT024 and the addition
of interleukin-15 (IL-15) or IL-2 but not IL-7. To address the question
of whether receptor acquisition was determined at the stem cell level,
single CD34+/Lin /CD38
progenitors were studied. More than 400 single cell progeny were analyzed from cultures containing IL-15 or IL-2 and NK cells were always polyclonal, suggesting that receptor fate is determined beyond
an uncommitted progenitor and that receptor-negative NK cells acquire
class I-recognizing receptors after lineage commitment. KIR2DL2/L3/S2
was expressed more than KIR2DL1/S1 or KIR3DL1, and NKG2A was the
dominant CD94 receptor, independent of whether the stem cell source
contained the respective major histocompatibility complex class I
ligand, suggesting a nonrandom sequence of receptor acquisition. The
conclusion is that NK receptor fate is determined after NK cell
commitment, does not require stromal presentation of human class I
alleles, and is clonally stable after expression but dynamic because
new receptors are acquired over time.

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