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Blood, 1 September 2001, Vol. 98, No. 5, pp. 1326-1331
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Rituximab therapy of patients with B-cell chronic
lymphocytic leukemia
Dieter Huhn,
Christoph von Schilling,
Martin Wilhelm,
Anthony D. Ho,
Michael Hallek,
Rolf Kuse,
Wolfgang Knauf,
Ute Riedel,
Axel Hinke,
Stefanie Srock,
Stefan Serke,
Christian Peschel, and
Bertold Emmerich for the German
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Study Group
From the Department of Medicine/Hematology and
Oncology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt
Universität Berlin; Department of Medicine/ Hematology and
Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München; Department of Medicine, Universität
Würzburg; Department of Medicine, Universität Heidelberg;
Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum Gro hadern, Universität
München; Department of Hematology, Allgemeines Krankenhaus St
Georg, Hamburg; Department of Medicine/Hematology and Oncology,
Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Berlin; Hoffmann-La Roche
AG, Grenzach-Wyhlen; WISP Research Institute, Langenfeld; and
Department of Medicine, Klinikum Innenstadt Universität
München.
Rituximab (IDEC-C2B8) is a chimeric antibody that binds to the
B-cell surface antigen CD20. Rituximab has significant activity in
follicular non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Much less is known about the effects
in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We have initiated a phase II
trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with
CD20+ pretreated CLL. To avoid the rituximab-associated
toxicity, we restricted the tumor cell load, as measured by the number
of circulating lymphocytes and the spleen size, in the first 2 cohorts
of patients included in the study. Patients received 4 intravenous
infusions of 375 mg/m2 once a week over a period of 1 month. Of the 28 patients evaluable for response, 7 patients showed a
partial remission (National Cancer Institute criteria) lasting for a
median of 20 weeks, with 1 patient still in remission after 71 weeks.
Based on lymphocyte counts only, we found at least a 50% reduction of
lymphocyte counts lasting for at least 4 weeks in 13 (45%) of 29 patients. Fifteen patients from 3 institutions were monitored for the
immunophenotype profile of lymphocyte subsets. The number of
CD5+CD20+ cells decreased significantly and
remained low until day 28 after therapy. T-cell counts were not
affected. With the exception of one rituximab-related death, adverse
events in the remaining patients were mild. The results suggest that
rituximab has clinical activity in pretreated patients with B-CLL.
Toxicity is tolerable. Response duration after withdrawal of rituximab
is rather short. Therefore, other modes of application and the
combination with other agents need to be tested.
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Blood 2002 99: 1096-1097.
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