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Blood, 1 September 2001, Vol. 98, No. 5, pp. 1555-1560
NEOPLASIA
Detection of N-Ras codon 61 mutations in subpopulations of
tumor cells in multiple myeloma at presentation
Nagesh Kalakonda,
Dominic
G. Rothwell,
J. Howard Scarffe, and
John D. Norton
From the CRC Gene Regulation Group, Paterson Institute
for Cancer Research, and CRC Department of Medical Oncology, Christie
Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Activating point mutations in codons 12, 13, or 61 of the
K-ras and N-ras genes have been reported to
occur in up to 40% of patients with multiple myeloma at presentation.
In a study of 34 presentation myeloma cases using a sensitive
polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
strategy on enriched tumor cell populations, the present study detected
N-ras codon 61 mutation-positive cells in all patients. Quantitative plaque hybridization using allele-specific oligonucleotide probes showed that in the majority of patients, ras mutation-positive cells
comprise only a subpopulation of the total malignant plasma cell
compartment (range, 12%-100%). Using clonospecific point mutations in
the 5' untranslated region of the BCL6 gene to quantitate clonal B cells in FACS-sorted bone marrow populations from 2 patients, the representation of ras mutation-positive cells was independent of
immunophenotype. These observations imply that mutational activation of
N-ras codon 61 is a mandatory event in the pathogenesis of multiple
myeloma; such mutations provide a marker of intraclonal heterogeneity
that may originate at an earlier ontologic stage than
immunophenotypic diversification of the malignant B cell clone.
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