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Blood, 15 September 2001, Vol. 98, No. 6, pp. 1858-1861
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
CD8+ T cells are an in vivo reservoir for human
T-cell lymphotropic virus type I
Masahiro Nagai,
Meghan B. Brennan,
Jill A. Sakai,
Carlos A. Mora, and
Steven Jacobson
From the Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology
Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
It is thought that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)
preferentially infects CD4+ T cells in vivo. However,
observations of high HTLV-I proviral load in patients with
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis suggest that
HTLV-I may infect other cell types in addition to CD4+ T
cells. To identify in vivo T-cell tropisms of HTLV-I, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and intracellular protein
staining were used. A high amount of HTLV-I proviral DNA was detected
from purified CD8+ T cells by quantitative PCR (between
1.64 and 62.83 copies of HTLV-I provirus per 100 isolated
CD8+ T cells). CD8+ T cells expressed
HTLV-I-related antigens (HTLV-I Tax and p19 protein) after a short
time in cultivation. These results demonstrate that CD8+ T
cells are also infected with HTLV-I and express HTLV-I antigens at
levels that are comparable to HTLV-I-infected CD4+ cells.
Therefore, CD8+ cells are an additional viral reservoir in
vivo for HTLV-I and may contribute to the pathogenesis of
HTLV-I-mediated disorders.
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