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Blood, 15 October 2001, Vol. 98, No. 8, pp. 2518-2525
NEOPLASIA
Rabaptin-5 is a novel fusion partner to platelet-derived growth
factor receptor in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Magnus K. Magnusson,
Kristin E. Meade,
Kevin E. Brown,
Diane C. Arthur,
Lisa A. Krueger,
A. John Barrett, and
Cynthia E. Dunbar
From the Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute, and Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Clinical
Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, MD.
Chromosomal translocations involving the platelet-derived growth
factor receptor (PDGF R) gene have been
reported in some patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML).
The resultant fusion proteins have constitutive PDGF R tyrosine
kinase activity, but the partner genes previously reported
(tel, Huntingtin interacting protein 1 [HIP-1], H4/D10S170) have poorly understood roles
in the oncogenic activity of the fusion proteins. A novel PDGF R fusion protein has been characterized in a patient with CMML and an
acquired t(5;17)(q33;p13). Southern blot analysis on patient leukemia
cells demonstrated involvement of the PDGF R gene. Using 5' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR) on patient RNA, rabaptin-5 was
identified as a novel partner fused in-frame to the
PDGF R gene. The new fusion protein includes more than
85% of the native Rabaptin-5 fused to the transmembrane and
intracellular tyrosine kinase domains of the PDGF R. Transduction
with a retroviral vector expressing rabaptin-5/PDGF R
transformed the hematopoietic cell line Ba/F3 to growth factor
independence and caused a fatal myeloproliferative disease in mice.
Rabaptin-5 is a well-studied protein shown to be an essential and
rate-limiting component of early endosomal fusion through interaction
with the Ras family GTPases Rab5 and Rab4. The fusion protein includes
3 of 4 coiled-coil domains (involved in homodimerization of native
rabaptin-5), 2 caspase-3 cleavage sites, and a binding site for the
tumor suppressor gene tuberin (tuberous sclerosis
complex-2). Early endosomal transport is critical in regulation of
various growth factor receptors, through ligand-induced clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and thus this new fusion protein links
together 2 important pathways of growth regulation.

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