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Blood, 15 May 2002, Vol. 99, No. 10, pp. 3851-3853
BRIEF REPORT
Paradoxical secondary polycythemia in von Hippel-Lindau
patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
receptor therapy
Stéphane Richard,
Laure Croisille,
Jeannine Yvart,
Nicole Casadeval,
Pascal Eschwège,
Nozar Aghakhani,
Philippe David,
Alain Gaudric,
Paul Scigalla, and
Olivier Hermine
From Génétique Oncologique EPHE, UPRESS
1601, Service d'Urologie, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Service de
Biophysique et Médecine Nucléaire, and Service de
Neurochirurgie, CHU, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de
Néphrologie, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, and CNRS UMR
8603, Hôpital Necker, Paris; Laboratoire d'Hématologie,
Hôtel-Dieu, Paris; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital
Lariboisière, Paris, France; and Sugen Inc, San
Francisco, CA.
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a dominantly inherited familial
cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations in the VHL tumor-suppressor gene. Central nervous system (CNS) and retinal hemangioblastomas are highly vascular tumors that are hallmarks of the
disease. These tumors overexpress vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) and represent a potential target for anti-angiogenic drugs. We
observed, after 3 to 4 months of treatment, secondary paradoxical
polycythemia in 3 VHL patients with CNS or retinal hemangioblastomas
treated by the anti-VEGF receptor SU5416. Hematocrit was normal before
the beginning of the trial, and no progression of hemangioblastomas was
observed. Polycythemia vera and all known causes of secondary
polycythemia were also ruled out. Polycythemia has never been reported
in current SU5416 trials for advanced malignancies and could express a
specific action on red blood cell precursors occurring only in the
absence of a functional VHL gene. These findings could also affect the
inclusion of VHL patients with pre-existing polycythemia in future
anti-VEGF receptor trials.

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