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Blood, 15 January 2002, Vol. 99, No. 2, pp. 627-633
NEOPLASIA
Neoplastic T cells in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
express CD10
Ayoma Attygalle,
Rajai Al-Jehani,
Tim C. Diss,
Phillipa Munson,
Hongxiang Liu,
Ming-Qing Du,
Peter G. Isaacson, and
Ahmet Dogan
From the Department of Histopathology, Royal Free and
University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a systemic disease
involving lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Although the histologic
features have been well described, the diagnosis is often challenging,
as there are no specific phenotypic or molecular markers available.
This study shows that the neoplastic cells of AITL can be identified by
aberrant CD10 expression. Archival material from 30 cases of AITL, 10 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTL), and 10 cases of
reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were reviewed. Single and double
immunostaining for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD21, CD10, BCL6, Ki67, and
LMP-1 in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr early region and
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for T-cell receptor gamma chain gene
and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene were performed. Three overlapping
histologic patterns with hyperplastic follicles, depleted follicles, or
without follicles were identified in AITL. Of the 30 cases of AITL, 27 contained CD10+ T cells. No CD10+ T cells were
present in the cases of PTL or reactive hyperplasia. PCR confirmed a
monoclonal or oligoclonal T-cell population in 29 of 30 cases of AITL
and a monoclonal B-cell population in 6 cases. Analysis of
microdissected CD10+ single cells showed that they belonged
to the neoplastic clone. In conclusion CD10 is a phenotypic marker that
specifically identifies the tumor cells in 90% of AITL, including the
early cases. The presence of these cells distinguishes AITL from other
PTLs. This finding provides an objective criterion for accurate and
early diagnosis of AITL.

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