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Blood, 1 February 2002, Vol. 99, No. 3, pp. 1092-1094
BRIEF REPORT
Successful treatment of pure red cell aplasia with rituximab in
patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Hassan Ghazal
From the Kentucky Cancer Clinic, Hazard, KY.
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare complication in patients
with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is characterized by
reticulocytopenia and by an absence of red cell precursors in the bone
marrow. Unlike autoimmune hemolytic anemia, which is characterized by
an increased number of reticulocytes, positive Coombs test findings,
and a high serum level of lactate dehydrogenase. Two patients with
B-cell CLL are reported to have developed PRCA, one while on
chemotherapy with fludarabine and one seeking treatment for de
novo PRCA. Both responded dramatically to therapy with monoclonal
antibody rituximab (Rituxan) in a short period of time and continued to
be transfusion-independent. These are the first 2 reported patients for
whom rituximab treatment for PRCA in CLL was successful, and
this treatment deserves further investigation.
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