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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Burt, R. K. Articles by Marmont, A. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Burt, R. K. Articles by Marmont, A. M. Related Collections Immunobiology Review Articles Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 1 February 2002, Vol. 99, No. 3, pp. 768-784 REVIEW ARTICLE Induction of tolerance in autoimmune diseases by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: getting closer to a cure? Richard K. Burt, Shimon Slavin, William H. Burns, and Alberto M. Marmont From the Northwestern University Medical Center, Division of Immune Therapy and Autoimmune Disease, Chicago, IL; Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Divisione di Ematologia II, Centro Trapianti di Midollo Osseo, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Martino, Genoa, Italy. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the earliest cells of the immune system, giving rise to B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, tissue macrophages, and dendritic cells. In animal models, adoptive transfer of HSCs, depending on circumstances, may cause, prevent, or cure autoimmune diseases. Clinical trials have reported early remission of otherwise refractory autoimmune disorders after either autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). By percentage of transplantations performed, autoimmune diseases are the most rapidly expanding indication for stem cell transplantation. Although numerous editorials or commentaries have been previously published, no prior review has focused on the immunology of transplantation tolerance or development of phase 3 autoimmune HSCT trials. Results from current trials suggest that mobilization of HSCs, conditioning regimen, eligibility and exclusion criteria, toxicity, outcome, source of stem cells, and posttransplantation follow-up need to be disease specific. HSCT-induced remission of an autoimmune disease allows for a prospective analysis of events involved in immune tolerance not available in cross-sectional studies. © 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: C. E. B. Couri, M. C. B. Oliveira, A. B. P. L. Stracieri, D. A. Moraes, F. Pieroni, G. M. 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	Copyright © 2002 by American Society of Hematology         Online ISSN: 1528-0020