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Blood, 1 March 2002, Vol. 99, No. 5, pp. 1517-1526
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Idiotype-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination for B-cell lymphoma:
clinical and immune responses in 35 patients
John M. Timmerman,
Debra K. Czerwinski,
Thomas A. Davis,
Frank J. Hsu,
Claudia Benike,
Zheng Mei Hao,
Behnaz Taidi,
Ranjani Rajapaksa,
Clemens B. Caspar,
Craig Y. Okada,
Adrienne van Beckhoven,
Tina
Marie Liles,
Edgar G. Engleman, and
Ronald Levy
From the Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine,
and the Stanford Blood Center, Stanford University School of Medicine,
CA.
Tumor-specific clonal immunoglobulin expressed by B-cell lymphomas
(idiotype [Id]) can serve as a target for active immunotherapy. We
have previously described the vaccination of 4 patients with follicular
lymphoma using dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor-derived Id
protein and now report on 35 patients treated using this approach. Among 10 initial patients with measurable lymphoma, 8 mounted T-cell
proliferative anti-Id responses, and 4 had clinical responses 2 complete responses (CRs) (progression-free [PF] for 44 and 57 months
after vaccination), 1 partial response (PR) (PF for 12 months), and 1 molecular response (PF for 75+ months). Subsequently, 25 additional
patients were vaccinated after first chemotherapy, and 15 of 23 (65%)
who completed the vaccination schedule mounted T-cell or humoral
anti-Id responses. Induction of high-titer immunoglobulin G anti-Id
antibodies required coupling of Id to the immunogenic carrier protein
keyhole limpet hemocyanin (Id-KLH). These antibodies could bind to and
induce tyrosine phosphorylation in autologous tumor cells. Among 18 patients with residual tumor at the time of vaccination, 4 (22%) had
tumor regression, and 16 of 23 patients (70%) remain without tumor
progression at a median of 43 months after chemotherapy. Six patients
with disease progression after primary DC vaccination received booster
injections of Id-KLH protein, and tumor regression was observed in 3 of
them (2 CRs and 1 PR). We conclude that Id-pulsed DC vaccination can
induce T-cell and humoral anti-Id immune responses and durable tumor
regression. Subsequent boosting with Id-KLH can lead to tumor
regression despite apparent resistance to the primary DC vaccine.

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Tumor Cell Lysate-Pulsed Dendritic Cells Are More Effective Than TCR Id Protein Vaccines for Active Immunotherapy of T Cell Lymphoma
J. Immunol.,
November 1, 2002;
169(9):
5227 - 5235.
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J. M. Timmerman, G. Singh, G. Hermanson, P. Hobart, D. K. Czerwinski, B. Taidi, R. Rajapaksa, C. B. Caspar, A. van Beckhoven, and R. Levy
Immunogenicity of a Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding Chimeric Idiotype in Patients with B-Cell Lymphoma
Cancer Res.,
October 15, 2002;
62(20):
5845 - 5852.
[Abstract]
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H. Ben-Bassat, Z. Hartzstark, R. Levitzki, B. Y. Klein, Z. Shlomai, A. Gazit, and A. Levitzki
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Suppress the Growth of Non-Hodgkin B Lymphomas
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.,
October 1, 2002;
303(1):
163 - 171.
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B. Schuler-Thurner, E. S. Schultz, T. G. Berger, G. Weinlich, S. Ebner, P. Woerl, A. Bender, B. Feuerstein, P. O. Fritsch, N. Romani, et al.
Rapid Induction of Tumor-specific Type 1 T Helper Cells in Metastatic Melanoma Patients by Vaccination with Mature, Cryopreserved, Peptide-loaded Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
J. Exp. Med.,
May 20, 2002;
195(10):
1279 - 1288.
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J. M. Vose, B. C.-H. Chiu, B. D. Cheson, J. Dancey, and J. Wright
Update on Epidemiology and Therapeutics for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Hematology,
January 1, 2002;
2002(1):
241 - 262.
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