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Blood, 15 March 2002, Vol. 99, No. 6, pp. 1909-1912
PERSPECTIVE
Genetic pathways in therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute
myeloid leukemia
Jens Pedersen-Bjergaard,
Mette K. Andersen,
Debes H. Christiansen, and
Claus Nerlov
From the Cytogenetic Laboratory, Section of
Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Genetics, the Juliane Marie
Center and the Laboratory of Gene Therapy Research, the Laboratory
Center, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) in most cases
develops after chemotherapy of other malignancies and shows
characteristic chromosome aberrations. Two general types of t-AML have
previously been identified. One type is observed after therapy with
alkylating agents and characteristically presents as therapy-related
myelodysplasia with deletions or loss of the long arms of chromosomes 5 and 7 or loss of the whole chromosomes. The other type is observed
after therapy with topoisomerase II inhibitors and characteristically presents as overt t-AML with recurrent balanced chromosome aberrations. Recent research suggests that these 2 general types of t-AML can now be
subdivided into at least 8 genetic pathways with a different etiology
and different biologic characteristics.
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