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Blood, 15 March 2002, Vol. 99, No. 6, pp. 2207-2213
PHAGOCYTES
Mechanical properties of rat bone marrow and circulating
neutrophils and their responses to inflammatory mediators
Hajime Saito,
Jean Lai,
Rick Rogers, and
Claire M. Doerschuk
From the Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public
Health, Boston, MA; and the Division of Integrative Biology, Department
of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University and Rainbow Babies and
Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Neutrophils are continuously released from the bone marrow
(BM), and this release is accelerated during inflammation. This study
compared the mechanical properties of mature neutrophils within the BM
and the circulating blood, as well as the role of microtubule
rearrangement in the release of neutrophils from the BM in rats.
Neutrophils isolated from the BM were stiffer than neutrophils in the
circulating blood, using magnetic twisting cytometry. BM neutrophils
also contained more F-actin within the submembrane region than
circulating neutrophils when examined using confocal microscopy,
suggesting that mature quiescent neutrophils within the BM are stiffer
than circulating neutrophils because of increased formation of F-actin
beneath the plasma membrane. Complement protein 5 fragments or
formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) induced a stiffening
response within 2 minutes that was greater in circulating than in BM
neutrophils. This stiffening required F-actin formation within the
submembrane region but not microtubule rearrangement in both
circulating and BM neutrophils. fMLP-induced shape changes were more
pronounced in circulating than in BM neutrophils, which showed fewer
and smaller pseudopods and fewer membrane irregularities. In vivo, fMLP
induced neutropenia, sequestration of neutrophils within the pulmonary
capillaries, and release of neutrophils from the BM. Studies using
colchicine demonstrated that rearrangement of microtubules was not
required for any of these processes but was required for normal
trafficking of neutrophils through the pulmonary capillaries.
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