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Blood, 15 April 2002, Vol. 99, No. 8, pp. 2653-2661

PLENARY PAPER

Creation of a genetic system for analysis of the phagocyte respiratory burst: high-level reconstitution of the NADPH oxidase in a nonhematopoietic system

Marianne O. Price, Linda C. McPhail, J. David Lambeth, Chang-Hoon Han, Ulla G. Knaus, and Mary C. Dinauer

From the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics (Hematology/Oncology) and Medical and Molecular Genetics, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Biochemistry, Emory University Medical School, Atlanta, GA; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA.

The phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) (NADPH) oxidase was functionally reconstituted in monkey kidney COS-7 cells by transfection of essential subunits, gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, and p67phox. COS-7 cells express the essential small guanosine 5'-triphosphatase, Rac1. Transgenic COS-phox cells were capable of arachidonic acid-induced NADPH oxidase activity up to 80% of that of human neutrophils, and of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced activity up to 20% of that of neutrophils. Expression of all 4 phox components was required for enzyme activity, and enzyme activation was associated with membrane translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1. Expression of p47phox Ser303Ala/Ser304Ala or Ser379Ala phosphorylation-deficient mutants resulted in significantly impaired NAPDH oxidase activity, compared with expression of wild-type p47phox or the p47phox Ser303Glu/Ser304Glu phosphorylation mimic, suggesting that p47phox phosphorylation contributes to enzyme activity in the COS system, as is the case in neutrophils. Hence, COS-phox cells should be useful as a new whole-cell model that is both capable of high-level superoxide production and readily amenable to genetic manipulation for investigation of NADPH oxidase function. PMA-elicited superoxide production in COS-phox cells was regulated by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and Rac. Although COS-7 cells differ from human neutrophils in PKC isoform expression, transient expression of major neutrophil isoforms in COS-phox cells did not increase PMA-induced superoxide production, suggesting that endogenous isoforms were not rate limiting. Val204 in p67phox, previously shown to be required for NADPH oxidase activity under cell-free conditions, was found to be essential for superoxide production by intact COS-phox cells, on the basis of transfection studies using a p67phox (Val204Ala) mutant.

© 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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