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Blood, 15 April 2002, Vol. 99, No. 8, pp. 2957-2968
NEOPLASIA
The coiled-coil domain and Tyr177 of bcr are required to induce a
murine chronic myelogenous leukemia-like disease by bcr/abl
Yiping He,
Jason A. Wertheim,
Lanwei Xu,
Juli P. Miller,
Fredrick G. Karnell,
John K. Choi,
Ruibao Ren, and
Warren S. Pear
From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory
Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, and Department of
Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and the
Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center and Department of
Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA.
The bcr/abl fusion in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) creates a
chimeric tyrosine kinase with dramatically different properties than
intact c-abl. In P210 bcr/abl, the bcr portion includes a coiled-coil
oligomerization domain (amino acids 1-63) and a grb2-binding site at
tyrosine 177 (Tyr177) that are critical for fibroblast transformation, but give variable results in other cell lines. To
investigate the role of the coiled-coil domain and Tyr177 in promoting
CML, 4 P210 bcr/abl-derived mutants containing different bcr domains
fused to abl were constructed. All 4 mutants, (1-63) bcr/abl, (1-63)
bcr/abl, Tyr177Phe bcr/abl, and (1-210) bcr/abl exhibited elevated
tyrosine kinase activity and conferred factor-independent growth in
cell lines. In contrast, differences in the transforming potential of
the 4 mutants occurred in our mouse model, in which all mice receiving
P210 bcr/abl-expressing bone marrow cells exclusively develop a
myeloproliferative disease (MPD) resembling human CML. Of the 4 mutants
assayed, only 1-210 bcr/abl, containing both the coiled-coil domain and
Tyr177, induced MPD. Unlike full-length P210, this mutant also caused a
simultaneous B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The other
3 mutants, (1-63) bcr/abl, Tyr177Phe bcr/abl, and (1-63) bcr/abl,
failed to induce an MPD but instead caused T-cell ALL. These
results show that both the bcr coiled-coil domain and Tyr177 are
required for MPD induction by bcr/abl and provide the basis for
investigating downstream signaling pathways that lead to CML.

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