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Blood, 1 September 2006, Vol. 108, No. 5, pp. 1461-1468.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 16, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-03-014209.
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Submitted November 14, 2005
Accepted April 28, 2006
Cell death provoked by loss of Interleukin-3 signalling is
independent of Bad, Bim, and PI3 Kinase, but depends in
part on Puma
Paul G Ekert*, Anissa M Jabbour, Anand Manoharan, Jacki E Heraud, Jai Yu, Miha Pakusch, Ewa M Michalak, Priscilla N Kelly, Bernard Callus, Thomas Kieffer, Anne Verhagen, John Silke, Andreas Strasser, Christoph Borner, and David L Vaux
Children's Cancer Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's,Victoria,Australia
Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
* Corresponding author; email: paul.ekert{at}rch.org.au.
Growth and survival of hematopoietic cells is regulated
by growth factors and cytokines, such as interleukin 3
(IL-3). When cytokine is removed, cells dependent on IL-
3 kill themselves by a mechanism that is inhibited by
over-expression of Bcl-2, and is likely to be mediated
by pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Bad and Bim are
two such BH3-only Bcl-2 family members that have been
implicated as key initiators in apoptosis following
growth factor withdrawal, particularly in IL-3 dependent
cells. To test the role of Bad, Bim and other pro-
apoptotic Bcl-2 family members in IL-3 withdrawal
induced apoptosis, we generated IL-3 dependent cell
lines from mice lacking the genes for Bad, Bim, Puma,
both Bad and Bim, and both Bax and Bak. Surprisingly,
Bad was not required for cell death following IL-3
withdrawal, suggesting changes to phosphorylation of
Bad play only a minor role in apoptosis in this system.
Deletion of Bim also had no effect, but cells lacking
Puma survived and formed colonies when IL-3 was
restored. PI3 kinase pathway inhibition promoted
apoptosis in the presence or absence of IL-3, did not
require Bad, Bim or Puma, suggesting IL-3 receptor
survival signals and PI3 kinase survival signals are
independent.

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