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Blood, 1 September 2006, Vol. 108, No. 5, pp. 1661-1667.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 9, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-04-014563.
 Previous Article | Next Article 
Submitted December 15, 2005
Accepted April 11, 2006
Loss of inhibitory semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) autocrine
loops in bone marrow endothelial cells of patients with
multiple myeloma
Angelo Vacca*, Claudio Scavelli, Guido Serini, Giulia Di Pietro, Teresa Cirulli, Francesca Merchionne, Domenico Ribatti, Federico Bussolino, Diego Guidolin, Giovanna Piaggio, Andrea Bacigalupo, and Franco Dammacco
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School
Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, University of Torino Medical School, I-10060 Candiolo
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, I-70124 Bari
Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Padua Medical School, I-35100 Padua
Department of Hemato-Oncology, S. Martino Hospital, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
* Corresponding author; email: a.vacca{at}dimo.uniba.it.
Vascular endothelial growth factor165 (VEGF165) and
semaphorin3A (SEMA3A) elicit pro- and anti-angiogenic
signals respectively in endothelial cells (EC) by
binding to their receptors VEGFR-2, neuropilin-1 (Nrp-
1), and plexin-A1. Here we show that the VEGF165-driven
angiogenic potential of multiple myeloma (MM) EC is
significantly higher than that of monoclonal gammopathy
of undetermined significance (MGUS) EC (MGEC) and human
umbilical vein (HUV) EC. This is probably due to a
constitutive imbalance of endogenous VEGF165/SEMA3A
ratio, which leans on VEGF165 in MMEC but on SEMA3A in
MGEC and HUVEC. Exogenous VEGF165 induces SEMA3A
expression in MGEC and HUVEC, but not in MMEC. Moreover,
by counteracting VEGF165 activity as efficiently as an
anti-VEGFR-2 antibody, exogenous SEMA3A restrains the
over-angiogenic potential of MMEC. Our data indicate
that loss of endothelial SEMA3A in favor of VEGF165
could be responsible for the angiogenic switch from MGUS
to MM.
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