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Blood, 1 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp. 3050-3059.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 21, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-034330.


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Submitted July 10, 2006
Accepted November 12, 2006

Gene-nutrient interactions among determinants of folate and one-carbon metabolism on the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: NCI-SEER Case-Control Study

Unhee Lim*, Sophia S Wang, Patricia Hartge, Wendy Cozen, Linda E Kelemen, Stephen Chanock, Scott Davis, Aaron Blair, Maryjean Schenk, Nathaniel Rothman, and Qing Lan

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
Core Genotyping Facility, Advanced Technology Center, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Pediatric Oncology Branch,National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
Division of Public Health Sciences, FHCRC, and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Department of Family Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI

* Corresponding author; email: limu{at}mail.nih.gov.

We previously reported a lower risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) associated with high consumption of vitamin B6 and methionine, dietary determinants of one-carbon metabolism. Evidence has linked genetic variants involved in one-carbon metabolism to NHL. We investigated 30 polymorphisms in 18 genes for their main effect on NHL among 1,141 incident cases and 949 population-based controls and examined gene-nutrient interactions in a subgroup of 386 cases and 319 controls who provided detailed food frequency information. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adjusted for age, gender, and race. We observed a decreased risk of NHL overall with BHMT Ex8+453A>T and increased risk with CBS Ex13+41C>T, FPGS Ex15-263T>C, and SHMT1 Ex12+138C>T and Ex12+236C>T. Furthermore, significant gene-nutrient interactions limited the protective association comparing high versus low vitamin B6 to FPGS Ex15-263T>C CC (OR=0.22; 95% CI=0.10-0.52), MTHFS IVS2-1411T>G TT/TG (OR=0.54; 95% CI=0.36-0.81), and MTR Ex26-20A>G AA (OR=0.55; 95% CI=0.35-0.86) genotypes, and the protective association of methionine to FTHFD Ex10-40G>T GG (OR=0.63; 95% CI=0.44-0.91), MTHFR Ex8-62A>C CC (OR=0.13; 95% CI = 0.04-0.39), and MTRR Ex5+136T>C TT (OR=0.67; 95% CI=0.47-0.97) genotypes. Warranting replication, our finding of gene-nutrient interactions in one-carbon metabolism supports their etiologic involvement in lymphomagenesis.


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