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Blood, 15 March 2007, Vol. 109, No. 6, pp. 2649-2656.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 9, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-08-044529.


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Submitted August 30, 2006
Accepted October 30, 2006

In vivo dynamics of regulatory T cell trafficking and survival predict effective strategies to control graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic transplantation

Vu H Nguyen*, Robert Zeiser, Daniel L daSilva, Daisy S Chang, Andreas Beilhack, Christopher H Contag, and Robert S Negrin

Stanford University

* Corresponding author; email: vunguyen{at}stanford.edu.

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) suppress immune responses to alloantigens. The in vivo circulation and tissue localization of Treg during an adaptive immune response remain unclear. We noninvasively tracked luciferase-expressing Treg over time in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant model and demonstrated co-localization with effector T cells and initial expansion in secondary lymphoid organs before migration into inflamed tissues. Inflammation induced by irradiation and the allogeneic setting provided crucial stimuli for early Treg expansion and migration, leading to parallel reduction of effector T cell proliferation in lymphoid organs and peripheral tissues. Treg transplants conferred long-term protection from systemic inflammatory challenge consistent with Treg in vivo survival. Suppression occurred during multiple phases of inflammation, but is optimal in the initial phase, providing protection from graft-versus-host disease while maintaining the graft-versus-tumor effect even at physiologic doses of Treg due to their in vivo expansion, hence overcoming a major barrier to potential clinical applications of Treg given their rarity.


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