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Blood, 1 April 2007, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp. 2679-2687.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 5, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-09-047704.
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Submitted September 26, 2006
Accepted November 14, 2006
Development of the hemangioblast defines the onset of hematopoiesis in human ES cell differentiation cultures
Marion Kennedy, Sunita L D'Souza, Macarena Lynch-Kattman, Staci Schwantz, and Gordon Keller*
Dept of Gene and Cell Medicine, The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai School Of Medicine, Bronx, NY
* Corresponding author; email: gordon.keller{at}mssm.edu.
The onset of hematopoiesis in the mouse embryo and in the embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation model is defined by the emergence of the hemangioblast, a progenitor with both hematopoietic and vascular potential. While there is evidence for the existence of a hemangioblast in the mouse, it is unclear if this progenitor develops during the establishment of the human hematopoietic system. In this report, we have mapped hematopoietic development in human ES cell (hESC) differentiation cultures and demonstrate that a comparable hemangioblast population exists. The human hemangioblasts were identified by their capacity to generate blast colonies that display both hematopoietic and vascular potential. These colony-forming cells express the receptor tyrosine kinase KDR (VEGF receptor 2) and represent a transient population that develops in BMP-4-stimulated embryoid bodies (EBs) between 72 and 96 hours of differentiation, prior to the onset of the primitive erythroid program. Two distinct types of hemangioblasts were identified, those that give rise to primitive erythroid cells, macrophages and endothelial cells and those that generate only the primitive erythroid population and endothelial cells. These findings demonstrate for the first time the existence of the human hemangioblast and in doing so identify the earliest stage of hematopoietic commitment.
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