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Blood, 1 September 2007, Vol. 110, No. 5, pp. 1540-1549.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 4, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-11-056010.
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Submitted November 6, 2006
Accepted April 19, 2007
Non-canonical NF- B signaling in dendritic cells is required for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) induction and immune regulation
Sander W Tas, Margriet J Vervoordeldonk, Najat Hajji, Joost H.N. Schuitemaker, Koen F van der Sluijs, Michael J May, Sankar Ghosh, Martien L Kapsenberg, Paul P Tak*, and Esther C de Jong
Div. of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Dept. of Cell Biology and Histology, AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Dept. of Experimental Immunology, AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
School of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Immunobiology Section, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, United States
* Corresponding author; email: p.p.tak{at}amc.uva.nl.
Ligation of CD40 on dendritic cells (DC) induces early production of inflammatory mediators via canonical NF- B signaling, as well as late expression of the anti-inflammatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via unknown signal transduction. By selective blocking of either the canonical NF- B pathway using the NEMO-binding domain peptide or the non-canonical NF- B pathway by small interfering RNA, we demonstrate that IDO expression requires non-canonical NF- B signaling. Also, non-canonical NF- B signaling down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production in DC. In addition, selective activation of the non-canonical NF- B pathway results in non-inflammatory DC that suppress T cell activation and promote the development of T cells with regulatory properties. These findings reveal an important role of the non-canonical NF- B pathway in the regulation of immunity.

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