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Blood, 1 October 2007, Vol. 110, No. 7, pp. 2520-2527.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 26, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-03-081299.
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Submitted March 21, 2007
Accepted June 21, 2007
Preformed CD40 ligand exists in secretory lysosomes in effector and memory CD4+ T cells and is quickly expressed on the cell surface in an antigen specific manner
Yoshinobu Koguchi, Timothy J. Thauland, Mark K. Slifka, and David C. Parker*
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
* Corresponding author; email: parkerd{at}ohsu.edu.
CD40 ligand (CD40L) is an essential effector cytokine for macrophage activation, dendritic cell licensing, and T cell-dependent antibody responses. Although CD40L is known to be made de novo following antigen recognition, several reports have described surface mobilization of preformed, intracellular CD40L in certain CD4+ effector T cells. Here we show that rapid surface expression of preformed CD40L following antigen recognition is a general property of both effector and memory CD4+ T cells, including in vitro and in vivo activated T-cell receptor transgenic T cells, memory phenotype CD4+ T cells from pathogen-free naive mice, and polyclonal virus-specific effector and memory T cells. Intracellular CD40L is stored in secretory lysosomes, and co-localizes more strongly with Fas ligand than with CTLA-4, two other molecules that are delivered to the cell surface following antigen recognition. Stimulated surface expression of preformed CD40L is found in memory CD4+ T cells from CD40-deficient mice, indicating that it does not depend on CD40-induced internalization for delivery to the secretory compartment. We suggest that delivery of preformed CD40L to antigen presenting cells (APCs) could enable antigen-specific activation of APCs in transient interactions that are too brief to permit de novo synthesis of CD40L.
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