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Blood, 15 January 2008, Vol. 111, No. 2, pp. 558-565.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 25, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-06-095331.


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Submitted June 18, 2007
Accepted September 27, 2007

A new prognostic index (MIPI) for patients with advanced stage mantle cell lymphoma

Eva Hoster, Martin Dreyling, Wolfram Klapper, Christian Gisselbrecht, Achiel van Hoof, Hanneke C Kluin-Nelemans, Michael Pfreundschuh, Marcel Reiser, Bernd Metzner, Hermann Einsele, Norma Peter, Wolfram Jung, Bernhard Wormann, Wolf-Dieter Ludwig, Ulrich Duhrsen, Hartmut Eimermacher, Hannes Wandt, Joerg Hasford, Wolfgang Hiddemann, and Michael Unterhalt*

Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Pathology, Lymph Node Registry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Department of Hematology, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, France
Department of Hematology, Akademisch Ziekenhuis St-Jan, Brugge, Belgium
Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany
Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Department of Oncology and Hematology, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Carl-Thiem Hospital, Cottbus, Germany
Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
Medizinische Klinik, Stadtisches Klinikum Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Katholisches Krankenhaus Hagen, Hagen, Germany
Medical Department 5, Klinikum Nurnberg, Nurnberg, Germany
Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

* Corresponding author; email: michael.unterhalt{at}med.uni-muenchen.de.

Background: There is no generally established prognostic index for patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), as International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) have been developed for diffuse large cell and follicular lymphoma patients, respectively. Methods: Using data of 455 advanced stage MCL patients treated within three clinical trials we examined the prognostic relevance of IPI and FLIPI and derived a new prognostic index (MCL international prognostic index, MIPI) of overall survival (OS). Statistical methods included Kaplan-Meier estimates and logrank test for evaluating IPI and FLIPI and multiple Cox regression for developing the MIPI. Results: IPI and FLIPI showed poor separation of survival curves. According to the MIPI, patients were classified into low risk (44% of patients, median OS not reached), intermediate risk (35%, 51 months), and high risk groups (21%, 29 months), based on the four independent prognostic factors age, ECOG performance status, LDH and leukocyte count. Cell proliferation (Ki-67) was exploratively analyzed as important biological marker and showed strong additional prognostic relevance. Discussion: The MIPI is the first prognostic index particularly suited for MCL patients and may serve as important tool to facilitate risk-adapted treatment decisions in patients with advanced stage MCL. This study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00016887.


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O. Determann, E. Hoster, G. Ott, H. Wolfram Bernd, C. Loddenkemper, M. Leo Hansmann, T. E. F. Barth, M. Unterhalt, W. Hiddemann, M. Dreyling, et al.
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