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Blood, 15 February 2008, Vol. 111, No. 4, pp. 2321-2328. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 11, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-06-095570.
Submitted June 19, 2007
Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France * Corresponding author; email: marc-henri.stern{at}curie.fr.
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is consistently associated with inactivation of the ATM gene and chromosomal rearrangements leading to an over-expression of MTCP1/TCL1 oncoproteins. These alterations are present at the earliest stage of malignant transformation, suggesting that additional events are required for overt malignancy. In this study, we pursued the investigation of the 12p13 deletion, previously shown to occur in approximately half of T-PLLs. We refined the minimal region of deletion by single nucleotide and microsatellite polymorphism allelotyping. We defined a 216kb region containing the CDKN1B gene that encodes the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory protein p27KIP1. Sequencing this gene in 47 T-PLL patient samples revealed a nonsense mutation in one case without 12p13 deletion. The absence of bi-allelic inactivation of CDKN1B for most patients suggested a haplo-insufficiency mechanism for tumor suppression, which was investigated in an animal model of the disease. In a Cdkn1b+/- background, MTCP1 transgenics had consistent and multiple emergences of pre-leukemic clones not observed in control cohorts. The second Cdkn1b allele was maintained and expressed in these pre-leukemic clones. Altogether, these data strongly implicate CDKN1B haplo-insufficiency in the pathogenesis of T-PLL.
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