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Blood, 15 January 2008, Vol. 111, No. 2, pp. 932-938.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 17, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-100180.
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Submitted July 13, 2007
Accepted October 13, 2007
Characterization of the deoxyhemoglobin binding site on human erythrocyte band 3: implications for O2 regulation of erythrocyte properties
Haiyan Chu, Andrew Breite, Peter Ciraolo, Robert S Franco, and Philip S Low*
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, The Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, Cincinnati, OH, United States
* Corresponding author; email: plow{at}purdue.edu.
Band 3, the major protein of the human erythrocyte membrane, associates with multiple metabolic, ion transport, and structural proteins. Functional studies demonstrate that the oxygenation state of the erythrocyte regulates cellular properties performed by these and/or related proteins. Because deoxyhemoglobin, but not oxyhemoglobin, binds band 3 reversibly with high affinity, these observations raise the hypothesis that hemoglobin might regulate erythrocyte properties through its reversible, oxygenation-dependent association with band 3. To explore this hypothesis, we have characterized the binding site of deoxyHb on human erythrocyte band 3. We report that: i) deoxyHb binds to residues 12-23 of band 3; ii) mutation of residues on either side of this sequence greatly enhances affinity of deoxyHb for band 3, suggesting that evolution of a higher affinity interaction would have been possible had it been beneficial for survival; iii) Hb does not bind to two other sequences in band 3 despite their high sequence homology to residues 12-23, and iv) the Hb binding site on band 3 lies proximal to binding sites for glycolytic enzymes, band 4.1 and ankyrin, suggesting possible mechanisms through which multifarious erythrocyte properties might be regulated by the oxygenation state of the cell.

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