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Blood, 1 February 2008, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 1085-1093.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 25, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-101402.
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Submitted July 16, 2007
Accepted October 22, 2007
Brain parenchyma involvement as isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an International Primary CNS Lymphoma Collaborative Group report
Nancy D Doolittle*, Lauren E Abrey, Tamara N Shenkier, Tali Siegal, Jacoline EC Bromberg, Edward A Neuwelt, Carole Soussain, Kristoph Jahnke, Patrick Johnston, Gerald Illerhaus, David Schiff, Tracy Batchelor, Silvia Montoto, Dale F Kraemer, and Emanuele Zucca
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Leslie and Michael Gaffin Center for Neuro-Oncology, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Department of Neuro-Oncology, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, ErasmusMC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Department of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
Department of Hematology, Centre Rene Huguenin, Saint Cloud, France
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine, Charite University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
Divisions of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Neuro-Oncology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
Cancer Research United Kingdom - Medical Oncology Unit, Barts and the London, London, United Kingdom
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States
Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
* Corresponding author; email: doolittl{at}ohsu.edu.
Isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse involving the brain parenchyma is a rare complication of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We retrospectively analyzed patient characteristics, management, and outcomes of this complication. Following complete response to initial non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment, patients with isolated CNS relapse with the brain parenchyma as initial relapse site were eligible. Patients with isolated CNS relapse involving only the cerebrospinal fluid were not eligible. Information on 113 patients was assembled from 13 investigators. Ninety-four (83%) had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Median time to brain relapse was 1.8 years (range, 0.25-15.9 years). Brain relapse was identified by neuroimaging in all patients; in 54 (48%) diagnostic brain tumor specimen was obtained. Median overall survival from date of brain relapse was 1.6 years (95% CI: 0.9-2.6 years); 26 (23%) have survived 3 years or more. Median time to progression was 1.0 year (95% CI: 0.7-1.7 years). Age less than 60 years (P = 0.0055) at relapse and methotrexate use (P = 0.0076) as front-line treatment for brain relapse, are significantly associated with longer survival in a multivariate model. Our results suggest systemic methotrexate is the optimal treatment for isolated CNS relapse involving the brain parenchyma. Long-term survival is possible in some patients.

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CNS Relapse in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Journal Watch Oncology and Hematology,
February 19, 2008;
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